Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XXXVII. the North Wind’s Defeat, sentence 30
“You are but my fellow creature,” kept singing the brave Shingebis, and he sat down again in his place.
Who acts: You, fellow creature, brave Shingebis, creature · What happens: be, keep, sing, sit down · To what, where: fellow creature, place · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XXXVII. the North Wind’s Defeat. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (You, fellow creature, brave Shingebis, creature), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 7 creature | punct |
| 2 | You | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 7 creature | nsubj |
| 3 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 creature | cop |
| 4 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 7 creature | cc |
| 5 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 creature | nmod:poss |
| 6 | fellow | fellow | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 creature | amod |
| 7 | creature | creature | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 kept | nsubj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 creature | punct |
| 9 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 7 creature | punct |
| 10 | kept | keep | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 11 | singing | sing | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 10 kept | xcomp |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 Shingebis | det |
| 13 | brave | brave | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 Shingebis | amod |
| 14 | Shingebis | Shingebi | PROPN | Number=Plur | 11 singing | obj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 sat | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 sat | cc |
| 17 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 sat | nsubj |
| 18 | sat | sit | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 kept | conj |
| 19 | down | down | ADP | _ | 18 sat | compound:prt |
| 20 | again | again | ADV | _ | 18 sat | advmod |
| 21 | in | in | ADP | _ | 23 place | case |
| 22 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 23 place | nmod:poss |
| 23 | place | place | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 sat | obl |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 kept | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a in a quote | present | You | my fellow creature | my nmod:poss | tree rules | |||
| 2 | keep | past | my fellow creature | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | sing speech: express | gerund | the brave Shingebis | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location | |||||
| 4 | sit down | past | creature | creature's place | again | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in place=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/62/30/