Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XXXVIII. a Rip Van Winkle, sentence 84

He reached the white snow on the side of the great pit; then all the otters jumped into the black lake and lashed it into white foam with their bodies and tails.

Who acts: sun, otters · What happens: reach, jump, lash · To what, where: white snow, side, black lake, snow, white foam

This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XXXVIII. a Rip Van Winkle. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sun, otters), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 reached	nsubj
2	reached	reach	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 snow	det
4	white	white	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 snow	amod
5	snow	snow	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 reached	obj
6	on	on	ADP	_	8 side	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 side	det
8	side	side	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 reached	obl
9	of	of	ADP	_	12 pit	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 pit	det
11	great	great	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 pit	amod
12	pit	pit	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 side	nmod
13	;	;	PUNCT	_	18 jumped	punct
14	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	18 jumped	advmod
15	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	17 otters	det:predet
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 otters	det
17	otters	otter	NOUN	Number=Plur	18 jumped	nsubj
18	jumped	jump	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 reached	parataxis
19	into	into	ADP	_	22 lake	case
20	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	22 lake	det
21	black	black	ADJ	Degree=Pos	22 lake	amod
22	lake	lake	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 jumped	obl
23	and	and	CCONJ	_	24 lashed	cc
24	lashed	lash	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	18 jumped	conj
25	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	24 lashed	obj
26	into	into	ADP	_	28 foam	case
27	white	white	ADJ	Degree=Pos	28 foam	amod
28	foam	foam	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 lashed	obl
29	with	with	ADP	_	31 bodies	case
30	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	31 bodies	nmod:poss
31	bodies	body	NOUN	Number=Plur	28 foam	nmod
32	and	and	CCONJ	_	33 tails	cc
33	tails	tail	NOUN	Number=Plur	31 bodies	conj
34	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 reached	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	reach	past	sun	the white snow	the side of the great pit			vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent snow=Theme
2	jump	past	all otters			then	into the black lake result	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme into lake=Result
3	lash	past	all otters not said here	snow			into white foam with otters's bodies and tails result	vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Agent it=Patient into foam=Result

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/63/84/

🌲 Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XXXVIII. a Rip Van Winkle, sentence 84

The tree

Pragmatics

Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XXXVIII. a Rip Van Winkle, sentence 84