Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XXXVIII. a Rip Van Winkle, sentence 92

He heard the tamanous of all the mountain scream to him in the wind; he heard them laugh.

Who acts: water, tamanous, winds · What happens: hear, scream, laugh · To what, where: water, wind, winds · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XXXVIII. a Rip Van Winkle. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (water, tamanous, winds), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 heard	nsubj
2	heard	hear	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 tamanous	det
4	tamanous	tamanous	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 scream	nsubj
5	of	of	ADP	_	8 mountain	case
6	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	8 mountain	det:predet
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 mountain	det
8	mountain	mountain	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 tamanous	nmod
9	scream	scream	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 heard	ccomp
10	to	to	ADP	_	11 him	case
11	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 scream	obl
12	in	in	ADP	_	14 wind	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 wind	det
14	wind	wind	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 scream	obl
15	;	;	PUNCT	_	17 heard	punct
16	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 heard	nsubj
17	heard	hear	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 heard	conj
18	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 heard	obj
19	laugh	laugh	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	17 heard	xcomp
20	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 heard	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	roles by
1	hear	past	water				vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus
2	scream speech: express	infinitive	the tamanous of all mountain		water	the wind	vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to he=Recipient
3	hear	past	water	winds = wind			tree rules
4	laugh	infinitive	winds = wind not said here				vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/63/92/

🌲 Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XXXVIII. a Rip Van Winkle, sentence 92

The tree

Pragmatics

Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XXXVIII. a Rip Van Winkle, sentence 92