Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, How the Iroquois Built Their Log Forts, sentence 1
The French explorers in the land near Lake Champlain, and in what is now central New York, found many of the Iroquois villages protected by strong, well-built log forts.
Who acts: central New York · What happens: be, find, protect, build · To what, where: central New York, many, Iroquois villages, French explorers
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, How the Iroquois Built Their Log Forts. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (central New York), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 explorers | det |
| 2 | French | French | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 explorers | amod |
| 3 | explorers | explorer | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 4 | in | in | ADP | _ | 6 land | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 land | det |
| 6 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 explorers | nmod |
| 7 | near | near | ADP | _ | 8 Lake | case |
| 8 | Lake | Lake | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 land | nmod |
| 9 | Champlain | Champlain | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 Lake | flat |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 what | punct |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 what | cc |
| 12 | in | in | ADP | _ | 13 what | case |
| 13 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 3 explorers | appos |
| 14 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 York | cop |
| 15 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 18 York | advmod |
| 16 | central | central | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 York | amod |
| 17 | New | New | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 York | flat |
| 18 | York | York | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 what | acl:relcl |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 found | punct |
| 20 | found | find | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 York | acl:relcl |
| 21 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 found | obj |
| 22 | of | of | ADP | _ | 25 villages | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 villages | det |
| 24 | Iroquois | iroquois | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 villages | compound |
| 25 | villages | village | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 many | nmod |
| 26 | protected | protect | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 25 villages | acl |
| 27 | by | by | ADP | _ | 28 strong | case |
| 28 | strong | strong | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 protected | obl |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 forts | punct |
| 30 | well | well | INTJ | _ | 34 forts | discourse |
| 31 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 30 well | punct |
| 32 | built | build | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 34 forts | amod |
| 33 | log | log | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 forts | compound |
| 34 | forts | fort | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 York | conj |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 explorers | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | central New York and built log forts | now | built log forts conj | tree rules | |||
| 2 | find | past | central New York and built log forts not said here | many of the Iroquois villages | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent many=Topic | ||||
| 3 | protect | participle | the Iroquois villages not said here | by strong | vn defend-72.3 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | build | participle | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/7/1/