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Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, How the Iroquois Built Their Log Forts, sentence 2

They were built in this way: The Indians first found a place where there were many tall trees; these were set on fire near their roots, and stone axes were used to rub off the coals, so they would burn faster.

Who acts: Indians, many tall trees, explorers · What happens: build, find, be, set, use, rub off · To what, where: explorers, way, place, these, fire, stone axes

This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, How the Iroquois Built Their Log Forts. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Indians, many tall trees, explorers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

nsubj:passaux:passcasedetoblpunctdetnsubjadvmodparataxisdetobjadvmodexplconjamodamodnsubjpunctnsubj:passaux:passparataxiscaseoblcasenmod:possoblpunctcccompoundnsubj:passaux:passconjmarkxcompcompound:prtdetobjpunctadvmodnsubjauxconjadvmodpunctrootTheyPRONwereAUXbuiltVERBinADPthisDETwayNOUN:PUNCTTheDETIndiansPROPNfirstADVfoundVERBaDETplaceNOUNwhereADVtherePRONwereVERBmanyADJtallADJtreesNOUN;PUNCTthesePRONwereAUXsetVERBonADPfireNOUNnearADPtheirPRONrootsNOUN,PUNCTandCCONJstoneNOUNaxesNOUNwereAUXusedVERBtoPARTrubVERBoffADPtheDETcoalsNOUN,PUNCTsoADVtheyPRONwouldAUXburnVERBfasterADV.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1TheytheyPRONCase=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs3 builtnsubj:pass
2werebeAUXMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin3 builtaux:pass
3builtbuildVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Passrootroot
4ininADP_6 waycase
5thisthisDETNumber=Sing PronType=Dem6 waydet
6waywayNOUNNumber=Sing3 builtobl
7::PUNCT_11 foundpunct
8ThetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art9 Indiansdet
9IndiansIndianPROPNNumber=Plur11 foundnsubj
10firstfirstADVNumForm=Word NumType=Ord11 foundadvmod
11foundfindVERBMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin3 builtparataxis
12aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art13 placedet
13placeplaceNOUNNumber=Sing11 foundobj
14wherewhereADVPronType=Rel16 wereadvmod
15theretherePRONPronType=Dem16 wereexpl
16werebeVERBMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin11 foundconj
17manymanyADJDegree=Pos19 treesamod
18talltallADJDegree=Pos19 treesamod
19treestreeNOUNNumber=Plur16 werensubj
20;;PUNCT_23 setpunct
21thesethisPRONNumber=Plur PronType=Dem23 setnsubj:pass
22werebeAUXMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin23 setaux:pass
23setsetVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass3 builtparataxis
24ononADP_25 firecase
25firefireNOUNNumber=Sing23 setobl
26nearnearADP_28 rootscase
27theirtheirPRONCase=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs28 rootsnmod:poss
28rootsrootNOUNNumber=Plur23 setobl
29,,PUNCT_34 usedpunct
30andandCCONJ_34 usedcc
31stonestoneNOUNNumber=Sing32 axescompound
32axesaxNOUNNumber=Plur34 usednsubj:pass
33werebeAUXMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin34 usedaux:pass
34useduseVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass23 setconj
35totoPART_36 rubmark
36rubrubVERBVerbForm=Inf34 usedxcomp
37offoffADP_36 rubcompound:prt
38thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art39 coalsdet
39coalscoalNOUNNumber=Plur36 rubobj
40,,PUNCT_44 burnpunct
41sosoADV_44 burnadvmod
42theytheyPRONCase=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs44 burnnsubj
43wouldwouldAUXVerbForm=Fin44 burnaux
44burnburnVERBVerbForm=Inf3 builtconj
45fasterfastADVDegree=Cmp44 burnadvmod
46..PUNCT_3 builtpunct

Pragmatics

#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1buildpast · passiveexplorers = explorerthis wayvn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product
2findpastthe Indiansa placefirst propertyvn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent place=Topic
3bepastmany tall treestherevn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4setpast · passivethesefirenear explorers's rootsvn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: subject=Theme on fire=Destination
5usepast · passivestone axesvn use-105.1 «NP V NP S_INF»: subject=Theme clause=Eventuality
6rub offto-infinitivethe coalsvn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent coal=Theme
7burnwouldexplorers = explorerfast propertyvn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/7/2/