Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, How the Iroquois Built Their Log Forts, sentence 8
In making the fire to burn the logs, a small dry stick was quickly rubbed with a steady motion against well-seasoned wood; after a while it would burn.
Who acts: stick · What happens: make, burn, rub · To what, where: fire, logs, small dry stick
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, How the Iroquois Built Their Log Forts. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (stick), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | SCONJ | _ | 2 making | mark |
| 2 | making | make | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 16 rubbed | advcl |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 fire | det |
| 4 | fire | fire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 making | obj |
| 5 | to | to | PART | _ | 6 burn | mark |
| 6 | burn | burn | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 making | advcl |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 logs | det |
| 8 | logs | log | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 burn | obj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 making | punct |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 stick | det |
| 11 | small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 stick | amod |
| 12 | dry | dry | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 stick | amod |
| 13 | stick | stick | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 rubbed | nsubj:pass |
| 14 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 rubbed | aux:pass |
| 15 | quickly | quickly | ADV | _ | 16 rubbed | advmod |
| 16 | rubbed | rub | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 17 | with | with | ADP | _ | 20 motion | case |
| 18 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 20 motion | det |
| 19 | steady | steady | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 motion | amod |
| 20 | motion | motion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 rubbed | obl |
| 21 | against | against | ADP | _ | 25 wood | case |
| 22 | well | well | ADV | Degree=Pos | 24 seasoned | advmod |
| 23 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 22 well | punct |
| 24 | seasoned | seasoned | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 wood | amod |
| 25 | wood | wood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 motion | nmod |
| 26 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 32 burn | punct |
| 27 | after | after | ADP | _ | 29 while | case |
| 28 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 29 while | det |
| 29 | while | while | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 burn | obl |
| 30 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 32 burn | nsubj |
| 31 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 32 burn | aux |
| 32 | burn | burn | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 16 rubbed | conj |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 16 rubbed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | gerund | the fire | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset fire=Product | |||||
| 2 | burn | to-infinitive | the logs | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent log=Theme | |||||
| 3 | rub | past · passive | a small dry stick | with a steady motion against seasoned wood; quickly property | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.destination PP.theme»: subject=Destination with motion=Theme | ||||
| 4 | burn | would | stick | while | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/7/8/