Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, How the Iroquois Built Their Log Forts, sentence 9
Great care was used in preserving coals of fire through the night time for the next day’s use.
Who acts: next day · What happens: use, preserve · To what, where: Great care, coals
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, How the Iroquois Built Their Log Forts. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (next day), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 care | amod |
| 2 | care | care | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 used | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 used | aux:pass |
| 4 | used | use | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | in | in | SCONJ | _ | 6 preserving | mark |
| 6 | preserving | preserve | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 4 used | advcl |
| 7 | coals | coal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 preserving | obj |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 fire | case |
| 9 | fire | fire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 coals | nmod |
| 10 | through | through | ADP | _ | 13 time | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 time | det |
| 12 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 time | compound |
| 13 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 preserving | obl |
| 14 | for | for | ADP | _ | 19 use | case |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 day | det |
| 16 | next | next | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 day | amod |
| 17 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 use | nmod:poss |
| 18 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 17 day | case |
| 19 | use | use | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 preserving | obl |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 used | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | use | past · passive | Great care | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | |||||
| 2 | preserve | gerund | coals of fire | time | for the next day's use | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent coal=Beneficiary | |||
| 3 | use | the next day | nom use «act transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/7/9/