Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, II. Story of the Deluge, sentence 26
He had no more life, but he had a little sand in one front paw.
Who acts: muskrat · What happens: have · To what, where: more life, little sand, one front paw
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, II. Story of the Deluge. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (muskrat), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 had | nsubj |
| 2 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | no | no | ADV | _ | 5 life | advmod |
| 4 | more | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 5 life | amod |
| 5 | life | life | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 had | obj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 had | punct |
| 7 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 9 had | cc |
| 8 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 had | nsubj |
| 9 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 had | conj |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 sand | det |
| 11 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 sand | amod |
| 12 | sand | sand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 had | obj |
| 13 | in | in | ADP | _ | 16 paw | case |
| 14 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 16 paw | nummod |
| 15 | front | front | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 paw | amod |
| 16 | paw | paw | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 had | obl |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 had | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | past | muskrat | more life | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent life=Patient | ||||
| 2 | have | past | muskrat | a little sand | one front paw | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sand=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/71/26/