Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, How He United the Five Nations, sentence 6
The night sun had changed into a shape like a canoe three times since they had started on the long trail.
Who acts: night sun, Indians · What happens: change, start · To what, where: shape, long trail
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, How He United the Five Nations. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (night sun, Indians), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 sun | det |
| 2 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 sun | compound |
| 3 | sun | sun | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 changed | nsubj |
| 4 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 changed | aux |
| 5 | changed | change | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 6 | into | into | ADP | _ | 8 shape | case |
| 7 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 shape | det |
| 8 | shape | shape | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 changed | obl |
| 9 | like | like | ADP | _ | 11 canoe | case |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 canoe | det |
| 11 | canoe | canoe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 shape | nmod |
| 12 | three | three | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 13 times | nummod |
| 13 | times | time | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 changed | obl:unmarked |
| 14 | since | since | SCONJ | _ | 17 started | mark |
| 15 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 started | nsubj |
| 16 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 started | aux |
| 17 | started | start | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 5 changed | advcl |
| 18 | on | on | ADP | _ | 21 trail | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 trail | det |
| 20 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 trail | amod |
| 21 | trail | trail | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 started | obl |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 changed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | change | past · perfect | the night sun | time | into a shape like a canoe result | vn turn-26.6.1-1 «NP.patient V PP.result»: agent=Patient into shape=Result | |||
| 2 | start | past · perfect | Indians = indian | the long trail | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/77/6/