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Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, How He United the Five Nations, sentence 8

While the three Indians sat watching the river, they saw a white canoe coming straight toward the little hill where they sat. It seemed to come from the place of the setting sun.

Who acts: three Indians, Indians, white canoe · What happens: sit, watch, see, come, sat., seem · To what, where: river, little hill, place · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, How He United the Five Nations. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (three Indians, Indians, white canoe), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

markdetnummodnsubjadvclxcompdetobjpunctnsubjdetamodnsubjacladvmodcasedetamodobladvmodnsubjacl:relclobjccompmarkxcompcasedetoblcasedetcompoundnmodrootWhileSCONJtheDETthreeNUMIndiansPROPNsatVERBwatchingVERBtheDETriverNOUN,PUNCTtheyPRONsawVERBaDETwhiteADJcanoeNOUNcomingVERBstraightADVtowardADPtheDETlittleADJhillNOUNwhereADVtheyPRONsat.VERBItPRONseemedVERBtoPARTcomeVERBfromADPtheDETplaceNOUNofADPtheDETsettingNOUNsun.NOUN
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1WhilewhileSCONJ_5 satmark
2thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art4 Indiansdet
3threethreeNUMNumForm=Word NumType=Card4 Indiansnummod
4IndiansIndianPROPNNumber=Plur5 satnsubj
5satsitVERBMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin11 sawadvcl
6watchingwatchVERBVerbForm=Ger5 satxcomp
7thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art8 riverdet
8riverriverNOUNNumber=Sing6 watchingobj
9,,PUNCT_5 satpunct
10theytheyPRONCase=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs11 sawnsubj
11sawseeVERBMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Finrootroot
12aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art14 canoedet
13whitewhiteADJDegree=Pos14 canoeamod
14canoecanoeNOUNNumber=Sing25 seemednsubj
15comingcomeVERBVerbForm=Ger14 canoeacl
16straightstraightADV_15 comingadvmod
17towardtowardADP_20 hillcase
18thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art20 hilldet
19littlelittleADJDegree=Pos20 hillamod
20hillhillNOUNNumber=Sing15 comingobl
21wherewhereADVPronType=Rel23 sat.advmod
22theytheyPRONCase=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs23 sat.nsubj
23sat.sat.VERBMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin20 hillacl:relcl
24ItitPRONCase=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs23 sat.obj
25seemedseemVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin11 sawccomp
26totoPART_27 comemark
27comecomeVERBVerbForm=Inf25 seemedxcomp
28fromfromADP_30 placecase
29thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art30 placedet
30placeplaceNOUNNumber=Sing27 comeobl
31ofofADP_34 sun.case
32thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art34 sun.det
33settingsettingNOUNNumber=Sing34 sun.compound
34sun.sun.NOUNNumber=Sing30 placenmod

Pragmatics

#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1sitpastthe three Indianstree rules
2watchgerundthe three Indians not said herethe rivervn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent river=Theme
3seepastIndians = indianvn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus
4comegerunda white canoe not said herethe little hillstraight propertyvn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme toward hill=Initial_Location
5sat.pastIndians = indianrivertree rules
6seempasta white canoevn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Theme clause=Attribute
7cometo-infinitivea white canoe not said herethe place of the setting sun.vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from place=Initial_Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

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