Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, Indian Records, sentence 1

The Leni Lennape, or Delaware Indians, kept a curious record of their early history by means of sticks which were notched and painted; these sticks were about six inches long.

Who acts: Leni Lennape, sticks · What happens: keep, mean, notch, paint, be, record · To what, where: curious record, sticks, early history

This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Indian Records. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Leni Lennape, sticks), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 Lennape	det
2	Leni	Leni	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 Lennape	compound
3	Lennape	Lennape	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 kept	nsubj
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 Indians	punct
5	or	or	CCONJ	_	7 Indians	cc
6	Delaware	Delaware	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 Indians	compound
7	Indians	Indian	PROPN	Number=Plur	3 Lennape	conj
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 Lennape	punct
9	kept	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 record	det
11	curious	curious	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 record	amod
12	record	record	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 kept	obj
13	of	of	ADP	_	16 history	case
14	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	16 history	nmod:poss
15	early	early	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 history	amod
16	history	history	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 record	nmod
17	by	by	ADP	_	18 means	case
18	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 kept	parataxis
19	of	of	ADP	_	20 sticks	case
20	sticks	stick	NOUN	Number=Plur	18 means	obl
21	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	23 notched	nsubj:pass
22	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	23 notched	aux:pass
23	notched	notch	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	20 sticks	acl:relcl
24	and	and	CCONJ	_	25 painted	cc
25	painted	paint	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	23 notched	conj
26	;	;	PUNCT	_	33 long	punct
27	these	this	DET	Number=Plur PronType=Dem	28 sticks	det
28	sticks	stick	NOUN	Number=Plur	33 long	nsubj
29	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	33 long	cop
30	about	about	ADV	_	31 six	advmod
31	six	six	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	32 inches	nummod
32	inches	inch	NOUN	Number=Plur	33 long	obl:unmarked
33	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 kept	conj
34	.	.	PUNCT	_	9 kept	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	keep	past	the Leni Lennape or Delaware Indians	a curious record of Lennape's early history		vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent record=Theme
2	mean	present			of sticks	vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
3	notch	past · passive		sticks		vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
4	paint	participle				vn image_impression-25.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
5	is	past	this sticks		six inches obl:unmarked; long property	tree rules
6	record			Lennape's early history		nom record «communication transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/8/1/

🌲 Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, Indian Records, sentence 1

The tree

Pragmatics

Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, Indian Records, sentence 1