Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, Indian Records, sentence 22
The Aztecs, or Mexican Indians, had a serpent god, and some have said that these mounds must have been built by them.
Who acts: Aztecs, Indians · What happens: have, say, build · To what, where: serpent god, some, mounds · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Indian Records. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Aztecs, Indians), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 Aztecs | det |
| 2 | Aztecs | Aztec | PROPN | Number=Plur | 8 had | nsubj |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 Indians | punct |
| 4 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 6 Indians | cc |
| 5 | Mexican | Mexican | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 Indians | amod |
| 6 | Indians | Indian | PROPN | Number=Plur | 2 Aztecs | conj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Aztecs | punct |
| 8 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 god | det |
| 10 | serpent | serpent | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 god | compound |
| 11 | god | god | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 had | obj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 said | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 said | cc |
| 14 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 16 said | nsubj:pass |
| 15 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 said | aux |
| 16 | said | say | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 had | parataxis |
| 17 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 23 built | mark |
| 18 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 19 mounds | det |
| 19 | mounds | mound | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 built | nsubj:pass |
| 20 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 23 built | aux |
| 21 | have | have | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 23 built | aux |
| 22 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 23 built | aux:pass |
| 23 | built | build | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 16 said | advcl |
| 24 | by | by | ADP | _ | 25 them | case |
| 25 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 built | obl |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 had | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | past | the Aztecs or Mexican Indians | a serpent god | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent god=Patient | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | present · perfect · passive | some | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: subject=Topic | |||||
| 3 | build | must · perfect · passive | Indians = indian | this mounds | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset subject=Product |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/8/22/