Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XI. the One Who Loved Him Most, sentence 43
“Where are those who were with you at the first?” asked the watchman.
Who acts: those · What happens: be, ask · To what, where: those, first, watchman · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XI. the One Who Loved Him Most. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (those), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 14 asked | punct |
| 2 | Where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 4 those | advmod |
| 3 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 those | cop |
| 4 | those | that | PRON | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 14 asked | nsubj |
| 5 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 8 you | nsubj |
| 6 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 you | cop |
| 7 | with | with | ADP | _ | 8 you | case |
| 8 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 4 those | acl:relcl |
| 9 | at | at | ADP | _ | 11 first | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 first | det |
| 11 | first | first | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 4 those | nmod |
| 12 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 4 those | punct |
| 13 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 those | punct |
| 14 | asked | ask | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 watchman | det |
| 16 | watchman | watchman | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 asked | obj |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 14 asked | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a in a quote | present | those | the first | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | is in a quote | past | with you; who nsubj | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | ask speech: ask | past | those | the watchman | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent watchman=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/80/43/