Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XI. the One Who Loved Him Most, sentence 7
He sang the death chant, and their voices echoed the chant.
Who acts: warrior, voices · What happens: sing, echo · To what, where: death chant, chant
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XI. the One Who Loved Him Most. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (warrior, voices), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 sang | nsubj |
| 2 | sang | sing | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 chant | det |
| 4 | death | death | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 chant | compound |
| 5 | chant | chant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 sang | obj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 echoed | punct |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 echoed | cc |
| 8 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 9 voices | nmod:poss |
| 9 | voices | voice | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 echoed | nsubj |
| 10 | echoed | echo | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 sang | conj |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 chant | det |
| 12 | chant | chant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 echoed | obj |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 sang | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | sing speech: express | past | warrior | the death chant | vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location chant=Theme | ||||
| 2 | echo | past | sons's voices | the chant | vn sound_existence-47.4 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location chant=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/80/7/