Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, Key to Marks of Pronunciation, sentence 83
He was believed to be the creator of the land after the deluge, and ruler of all creatures upon it.
What happens: believe, be · To what, where: form, creator
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Key to Marks of Pronunciation. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 believed | nsubj |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 believed | aux:pass |
| 3 | believed | believe | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | PART | _ | 7 creator | mark |
| 5 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 7 creator | cop |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 creator | det |
| 7 | creator | creator | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 believed | xcomp |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 land | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 land | det |
| 10 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 creator | nmod |
| 11 | after | after | ADP | _ | 13 deluge | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 deluge | det |
| 13 | deluge | deluge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 land | nmod |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 ruler | punct |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 ruler | cc |
| 16 | ruler | ruler | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 believed | parataxis |
| 17 | of | of | ADP | _ | 19 creatures | case |
| 18 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 19 creatures | det |
| 19 | creatures | creature | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 ruler | nmod |
| 20 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 21 it | case |
| 21 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 creatures | nmod |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 believed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | believe | past · passive | form | ruler of all creatures upon ruler parataxis | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | is a | to-infinitive | the creator | of the land after the deluge | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/86/83/