Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, Wampum Money, sentence 11
This wampum belt was given to its first white owner as a solemn token that they would keep their pledge.
Who acts: belts · What happens: give, keep, pledge · To what, where: wampum belt, first white owner, pledge
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Wampum Money. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (belts), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | This | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 3 belt | det |
| 2 | wampum | wampum | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 belt | compound |
| 3 | belt | belt | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 given | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 given | aux:pass |
| 5 | given | give | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | to | to | ADP | _ | 10 owner | case |
| 7 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 10 owner | nmod:poss |
| 8 | first | first | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 10 owner | amod |
| 9 | white | white | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 owner | amod |
| 10 | owner | owner | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 given | obl |
| 11 | as | as | ADP | _ | 14 token | case |
| 12 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 token | det |
| 13 | solemn | solemn | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 token | amod |
| 14 | token | token | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 given | obl |
| 15 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 18 keep | mark |
| 16 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 keep | nsubj |
| 17 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 18 keep | aux |
| 18 | keep | keep | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 token | acl |
| 19 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 20 pledge | nmod:poss |
| 20 | pledge | pledge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 keep | obj |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 given | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | give | past · passive | this wampum belt | Society's first white owner | as a solemn token | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: subject=Theme to owner=Recipient | |||
| 2 | keep | would | belts = belt | belts's pledge | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pledge=Theme | ||||
| 3 | pledge | belts = belt | nom pledge «possession transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/9/11/