Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, The Port Hills and Their Names., sentence 32
He worsted them, and the heads of the slain he and his followers hacked off with their stone _patus_ and axes.
Who acts: warrior, heads · What happens: worst, hack off · To what, where: breakwaters, patus
This is a sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, The Port Hills and Their Names.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (warrior, heads), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 worsted | nsubj |
| 2 | worsted | worst | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 worsted | obj |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 hacked | punct |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 hacked | cc |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 heads | det |
| 7 | heads | head | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 hacked | nsubj |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 slain | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 slain | det |
| 10 | slain | slain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 heads | nmod |
| 11 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 hacked | nsubj |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 followers | cc |
| 13 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 followers | nmod:poss |
| 14 | followers | follower | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 he | conj |
| 15 | hacked | hack | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 worsted | conj |
| 16 | off | off | ADP | _ | 15 hacked | compound:prt |
| 17 | with | with | ADP | _ | 19 stone | case |
| 18 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 19 stone | nmod:poss |
| 19 | stone | stone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 hacked | obl |
| 20 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 21 patus | punct |
| 21 | patus | patus | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 hacked | obl |
| 22 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 21 patus | punct |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 axes | cc |
| 24 | axes | ax | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 patus | conj |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 worsted | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | worst | past | warrior | breakwaters = breakwater | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | hack off | past | the heads of the slain | patus and axes | with breakwaters's stone; warrior nsubj | vn cut-21.1-1 «NP V PP PP»: agent=Agent with stone=Instrument |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Project Gutenberg book 73766 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73766/10/32/