Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, The Port Hills and Their Names., sentence 33
Some, those of the chief men, Te Rangi-whakaputa placed in a flax basket, and, bearing them up to the craggy hill-crest that towered above the beach, he set them down on a lofty pinnacle, an offering to his god of battles.
Who acts: warrior, craggy hill crest · What happens: place, bear up, tower, set down · To what, where: Te whakaputa, flax basket, breakwaters, beach, lofty pinnacle
This is a sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, The Port Hills and Their Names.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (warrior, craggy hill crest), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 3 those | nsubj |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 those | punct |
| 3 | those | that | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 12 whakaputa | det |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 men | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 men | det |
| 6 | chief | chief | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 men | amod |
| 7 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 those | nmod |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 those | punct |
| 9 | Te | Te | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 whakaputa | compound |
| 10 | Rangi | Rangi | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 Te | flat |
| 11 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 12 whakaputa | punct |
| 12 | whakaputa | whakaputa | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 13 | placed | place | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 12 whakaputa | acl |
| 14 | in | in | ADP | _ | 17 basket | case |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 basket | det |
| 16 | flax | flax | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 basket | compound |
| 17 | basket | basket | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 placed | obl |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 set | punct |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 37 set | cc |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 bearing | punct |
| 21 | bearing | bear | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 37 set | advcl |
| 22 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 bearing | obj |
| 23 | up | up | ADP | _ | 21 bearing | compound:prt |
| 24 | to | to | ADP | _ | 29 crest | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 crest | det |
| 26 | craggy | craggy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 crest | amod |
| 27 | hill | hill | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 crest | compound |
| 28 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 27 hill | punct |
| 29 | crest | crest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 bearing | obl |
| 30 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 31 towered | nsubj |
| 31 | towered | tower | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 29 crest | acl:relcl |
| 32 | above | above | ADP | _ | 34 beach | case |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 beach | det |
| 34 | beach | beach | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 towered | obl |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 bearing | punct |
| 36 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 37 set | nsubj |
| 37 | set | set | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 whakaputa | conj |
| 38 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 37 set | obj |
| 39 | down | down | ADP | _ | 37 set | compound:prt |
| 40 | on | on | ADP | _ | 43 pinnacle | case |
| 41 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 43 pinnacle | det |
| 42 | lofty | lofty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 43 pinnacle | amod |
| 43 | pinnacle | pinnacle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 set | obl |
| 44 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 46 offering | punct |
| 45 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 46 offering | det |
| 46 | offering | offering | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 pinnacle | appos |
| 47 | to | to | ADP | _ | 49 god | case |
| 48 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 49 god | nmod:poss |
| 49 | god | god | NOUN | Number=Sing | 46 offering | nmod |
| 50 | of | of | ADP | _ | 51 battles | case |
| 51 | battles | battle | NOUN | Number=Plur | 49 god | nmod |
| 52 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 12 whakaputa | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | place | participle | that Te whakaputa not said here | a flax basket | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent in basket=Destination | ||||
| 2 | bear up | gerund | warrior not said here | breakwaters = breakwater | to the craggy hill crest | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient | |||
| 3 | tower | past | the craggy hill crest | the beach | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme above beach=Location | ||||
| 4 | set down | past | warrior | breakwaters = breakwater | a lofty pinnacle | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme on pinnacle=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Project Gutenberg book 73766 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73766/10/33/