Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, The Port Hills and Their Names., sentence 91
Looking out from the Port Hills the olden Maori wayfarer surveyed the far-spreading Plains and the name handed down from the days of the Waitaha tribe, the forerunners of the Ngati-Mamoe, came to his lips: “Nga Pakihi Whakatekateka a Waitaha.”
Who acts: Looking, olden Maori wayfarer, far spreading Plains · What happens: look out, hill, survey, spread, hand down, come · To what, where: Port, name, Pakihi Whakatekateka, lips
This is a sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, The Port Hills and Their Names.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Looking, olden Maori wayfarer, far spreading Plains), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Looking | look | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 6 Hills | csubj |
| 2 | out | out | ADP | _ | 1 Looking | compound:prt |
| 3 | from | from | ADP | _ | 5 Port | case |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 Port | det |
| 5 | Port | Port | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 Looking | obl |
| 6 | Hills | hill | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 wayfarer | det |
| 8 | olden | olden | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 wayfarer | amod |
| 9 | Maori | Maori | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 wayfarer | compound |
| 10 | wayfarer | wayfarer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 surveyed | nsubj |
| 11 | surveyed | survey | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 Hills | ccomp |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 Plains | det |
| 13 | far | far | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 Plains | amod |
| 14 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 13 far | punct |
| 15 | spreading | spread | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 16 Plains | amod |
| 16 | Plains | Plain | PROPN | Number=Plur | 38 came | nsubj |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 name | cc |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 name | det |
| 19 | name | name | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 Plains | conj |
| 20 | handed | hand | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 19 name | acl |
| 21 | down | down | ADP | _ | 20 handed | compound:prt |
| 22 | from | from | ADP | _ | 24 days | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 days | det |
| 24 | days | day | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 handed | obl |
| 25 | of | of | ADP | _ | 28 tribe | case |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 tribe | det |
| 27 | Waitaha | Waitaha | PROPN | Number=Sing | 28 tribe | compound |
| 28 | tribe | tribe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 days | nmod |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 forerunners | punct |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 forerunners | det |
| 31 | forerunners | forerunner | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 tribe | appos |
| 32 | of | of | ADP | _ | 36 Mamoe | case |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 Mamoe | det |
| 34 | Ngati | Ngati | PROPN | Number=Sing | 36 Mamoe | compound |
| 35 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 34 Ngati | punct |
| 36 | Mamoe | Mamoe | PROPN | Number=Sing | 31 forerunners | nmod |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 came | punct |
| 38 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 surveyed | ccomp |
| 39 | to | to | ADP | _ | 41 lips | case |
| 40 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 41 lips | nmod:poss |
| 41 | lips | lip | NOUN | Number=Plur | 38 came | obl |
| 42 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 46 Whakatekateka | punct |
| 43 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 46 Whakatekateka | punct |
| 44 | Nga | Nga | PROPN | Number=Sing | 45 Pakihi | compound |
| 45 | Pakihi | Pakihi | PROPN | Number=Sing | 46 Whakatekateka | compound |
| 46 | Whakatekateka | Whakatekateka | PROPN | Number=Sing | 38 came | obl |
| 47 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 48 Waitaha | det |
| 48 | Waitaha | Waitaha | PROPN | Number=Sing | 46 Whakatekateka | flat |
| 49 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 Hills | punct |
| 50 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 Hills | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | look out | gerund | the Port | vn caring-75.2-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | hill | present | Looking | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | survey | past | the olden Maori wayfarer | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | spread | gerund | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 5 | hand down | participle | the name not said here | day | vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 6 | come | past | the far spreading Plains and the name | Pakihi Whakatekateka | wayfarer's lips | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to lip=Initial_Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Project Gutenberg book 73766 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73766/10/91/