Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, The Port Hills and Their Names., sentence 90
_Manu-huahua_, or birds cooked and preserved in their own fat, and done up in sea-kelp receptacles, as is the way in the Stewart Island mutton-bird industry to-day, also formed a large portion of the native supply of winter food in these parts.
Who acts: bird industry · What happens: cook, preserve, do up, be, form · To what, where: birds, own fat, kelp receptacles, large portion, parts, Manu huahua
This is a sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, The Port Hills and Their Names.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bird industry), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 4 huahua | punct |
| 2 | Manu | Manu | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 huahua | compound |
| 3 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 4 huahua | punct |
| 4 | huahua | huahua | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 5 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 4 huahua | punct |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 birds | punct |
| 7 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 8 birds | cc |
| 8 | birds | bird | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 huahua | conj |
| 9 | cooked | cook | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 birds | acl |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 preserved | cc |
| 11 | preserved | preserve | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 9 cooked | conj |
| 12 | in | in | ADP | _ | 15 fat | case |
| 13 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 15 fat | nmod:poss |
| 14 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 fat | amod |
| 15 | fat | fat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 preserved | obl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 done | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 done | cc |
| 18 | done | do | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 huahua | parataxis |
| 19 | up | up | ADP | _ | 18 done | compound:prt |
| 20 | in | in | ADP | _ | 24 receptacles | case |
| 21 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 kelp | compound |
| 22 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 21 sea | punct |
| 23 | kelp | kelp | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 receptacles | compound |
| 24 | receptacles | receptacle | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 done | obl |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 way | punct |
| 26 | as | as | ADP | _ | 29 way | case |
| 27 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 29 way | cop |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 way | det |
| 29 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 done | obl |
| 30 | in | in | ADP | _ | 33 Island | case |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 Island | det |
| 32 | Stewart | Stewart | PROPN | Number=Sing | 33 Island | compound |
| 33 | Island | Island | PROPN | Number=Sing | 37 industry | obl |
| 34 | mutton | mutton | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 bird | compound |
| 35 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 34 mutton | punct |
| 36 | bird | bird | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 industry | compound |
| 37 | industry | industry | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 way | nmod |
| 38 | to | to | ADP | _ | 40 day | case |
| 39 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 38 to | punct |
| 40 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 industry | nmod |
| 41 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 43 formed | punct |
| 42 | also | also | ADV | _ | 43 formed | advmod |
| 43 | formed | form | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 37 industry | acl:relcl |
| 44 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 46 portion | det |
| 45 | large | large | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 46 portion | amod |
| 46 | portion | portion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 formed | obj |
| 47 | of | of | ADP | _ | 50 supply | case |
| 48 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 50 supply | det |
| 49 | native | native | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 50 supply | amod |
| 50 | supply | supply | NOUN | Number=Sing | 46 portion | nmod |
| 51 | of | of | ADP | _ | 53 food | case |
| 52 | winter | winter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 53 food | compound |
| 53 | food | food | NOUN | Number=Sing | 50 supply | nmod |
| 54 | in | in | ADP | _ | 56 parts | case |
| 55 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 56 parts | det |
| 56 | parts | part | NOUN | Number=Plur | 43 formed | obl |
| 57 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 huahua | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | cook | participle | birds not said here | vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 2 | preserve | participle | birds's own fat | vn defend-72.3 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | do up | participle | kelp receptacles | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | is | present | as the way; bird industry in the Stewart Island to day nmod | tree rules | |||||
| 5 | form | past | bird industry in the Stewart Island to day not said here | a large portion of the native supply of winter food | this parts | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location portion=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Project Gutenberg book 73766 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73766/10/90/