Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, The Port Hills and Their Names., sentence 93
In the long ago, before water-races and artesian wells, the trails across the Plains from the Waimakariri to the Selwyn and the Selwyn to the Rakaia and the Ashburton were weary and thirsty tracks, for there were very few springs of drinking water and the Maori disliked the water of the cold glacial torrents.
Who acts: few springs · What happens: be, drink, dislike · To what, where: water
This is a sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, The Port Hills and Their Names.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (few springs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 4 ago | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 ago | det |
| 3 | long | long | ADV | Degree=Pos | 4 ago | advmod |
| 4 | ago | ago | ADV | _ | 35 weary | advmod |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 ago | punct |
| 6 | before | before | ADP | _ | 9 races | case |
| 7 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 races | compound |
| 8 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 7 water | punct |
| 9 | races | race | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 weary | obl |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 wells | cc |
| 11 | artesian | artesian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 wells | amod |
| 12 | wells | well | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 races | conj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 trails | punct |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 trails | det |
| 15 | trails | trail | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 races | conj |
| 16 | across | across | ADP | _ | 18 Plains | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 Plains | det |
| 18 | Plains | Plain | PROPN | Number=Plur | 15 trails | nmod |
| 19 | from | from | ADP | _ | 21 Waimakariri | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 Waimakariri | det |
| 21 | Waimakariri | Waimakariri | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 Plains | nmod |
| 22 | to | to | ADP | _ | 24 Selwyn | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 Selwyn | det |
| 24 | Selwyn | Selwyn | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 races | nmod |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 Selwyn | cc |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 Selwyn | det |
| 27 | Selwyn | Selwyn | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 Selwyn | conj |
| 28 | to | to | ADP | _ | 30 Rakaia | case |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 Rakaia | det |
| 30 | Rakaia | Rakaia | PROPN | Number=Sing | 27 Selwyn | nmod |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 Ashburton | cc |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 Ashburton | det |
| 33 | Ashburton | Ashburton | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 Selwyn | conj |
| 34 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 35 weary | cop |
| 35 | weary | weary | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 36 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 38 tracks | cc |
| 37 | thirsty | thirsty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 tracks | amod |
| 38 | tracks | track | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 weary | conj |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 42 were | punct |
| 40 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 42 were | mark |
| 41 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 42 were | expl |
| 42 | were | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 52 disliked | advcl |
| 43 | very | very | ADV | _ | 44 few | advmod |
| 44 | few | few | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 45 springs | amod |
| 45 | springs | spring | NOUN | Number=Plur | 52 disliked | nsubj |
| 46 | of | of | ADP | _ | 48 water | case |
| 47 | drinking | drink | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 48 water | amod |
| 48 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 springs | nmod |
| 49 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 51 Maori | cc |
| 50 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 51 Maori | det |
| 51 | Maori | Maori | PROPN | Number=Sing | 48 water | conj |
| 52 | disliked | dislike | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 35 weary | conj |
| 53 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 54 water | det |
| 54 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 52 disliked | obj |
| 55 | of | of | ADP | _ | 59 torrents | case |
| 56 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 59 torrents | det |
| 57 | cold | cold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 59 torrents | amod |
| 58 | glacial | glacial | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 59 torrents | amod |
| 59 | torrents | torrent | NOUN | Number=Plur | 54 water | nmod |
| 60 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 35 weary | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | before water races to the Selwyn and the Selwyn to the Rakaia and the Ashburton and artesian wells and the trails across the Plains from the Waimakariri | thirsty tracks conj; ago, weary property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | be | past | few springs of drinking water and the Maori not said here | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | drink | gerund | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 4 | dislike | past | few springs of drinking water and the Maori | the water of the cold glacial torrents | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer water=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Project Gutenberg book 73766 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73766/10/93/