Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, The Port Hills and Their Names., sentence 95
They made water-bags of seaweed, the great bull kelp, which they split and made watertight, and these _poha_ henceforth became as necessary to the kit of a trans-“Pakihi” traveller as a water-bottle is to the soldier in the field to-day.
Who acts: Plains, great bull kelp, poha, necessary · What happens: make, split, become, be · To what, where: water bags, field
This is a sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, The Port Hills and Their Names.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Plains, great bull kelp, poha, necessary), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 made | nsubj |
| 2 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 bags | compound |
| 4 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 3 water | punct |
| 5 | bags | bag | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 made | obj |
| 6 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 seaweed | case |
| 7 | seaweed | seaweed | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 bags | nmod |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 kelp | punct |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 kelp | det |
| 10 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 kelp | amod |
| 11 | bull | bull | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 kelp | compound |
| 12 | kelp | kelp | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 made | parataxis |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 split | punct |
| 14 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 16 split | nsubj |
| 15 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 split | nsubj |
| 16 | split | split | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 kelp | parataxis |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 made | cc |
| 18 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 split | conj |
| 19 | watertight | watertight | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 made | xcomp |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 became | punct |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 became | cc |
| 22 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 24 poha | det |
| 23 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 24 poha | punct |
| 24 | poha | poha | X | Foreign=Yes | 27 became | nsubj |
| 25 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 24 poha | punct |
| 26 | henceforth | henceforth | ADV | _ | 27 became | advmod |
| 27 | became | become | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 made | conj |
| 28 | as | as | ADP | _ | 29 necessary | case |
| 29 | necessary | necessary | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 49 soldier | nsubj |
| 30 | to | to | ADP | _ | 32 kit | case |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 kit | det |
| 32 | kit | kit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 necessary | obl |
| 33 | of | of | ADP | _ | 40 traveller | case |
| 34 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 40 traveller | det |
| 35 | trans | tran | PROPN | Number=Plur | 40 traveller | nsubj |
| 36 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 35 trans | punct |
| 37 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 38 Pakihi | punct |
| 38 | Pakihi | Pakihi | PROPN | Number=Sing | 40 traveller | compound |
| 39 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 38 Pakihi | punct |
| 40 | traveller | traveller | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 kit | nmod |
| 41 | as | as | ADP | _ | 45 bottle | case |
| 42 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 45 bottle | det |
| 43 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 bottle | compound |
| 44 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 43 water | punct |
| 45 | bottle | bottle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 traveller | nmod |
| 46 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 49 soldier | cop |
| 47 | to | to | ADP | _ | 49 soldier | case |
| 48 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 49 soldier | det |
| 49 | soldier | soldier | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 became | xcomp |
| 50 | in | in | ADP | _ | 52 field | case |
| 51 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 52 field | det |
| 52 | field | field | NOUN | Number=Sing | 49 soldier | nmod |
| 53 | to | to | ADP | _ | 55 day | case |
| 54 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 53 to | punct |
| 55 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 52 field | nmod |
| 56 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 made | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | past | Plains = plain | water bags of seaweed | the great bull kelp parataxis | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset bag=Product | |||
| 2 | split | past | the great bull kelp | Plains = plain nsubj | vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 3 | make | past | the great bull kelp not said here | watertight property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset | ||||
| 4 | become | past | this poha | henceforth property | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 5 | is | present | necessary to the kit of a Pakihi traveller trans as a water bottle | the field to day | to the soldier | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Project Gutenberg book 73766 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73766/10/95/