Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, “the Crest of the Rainbow.”, sentence 19
Immediately southward of the Pass road the land goes easily swelling up into Marley’s Hill, a little higher than our Sugarloaf, and now a story of old-time explaining the meaning of the Maori name of that airy saddle comes to mind.
Who acts: land, old time, story · What happens: go, swell up, explain, come, mind, mean · To what, where: Hill, meaning, Maori name, airy saddle
This is a sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, “the Crest of the Rainbow.”. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (land, old time, story), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Immediately | immediately | ADV | _ | 2 southward | advmod |
| 2 | southward | southward | ADV | _ | 9 goes | advmod |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 road | case |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 road | det |
| 5 | Pass | Pass | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 road | compound |
| 6 | road | road | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 southward | obl |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 land | det |
| 8 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 goes | nsubj |
| 9 | goes | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 10 | easily | easily | ADV | _ | 9 goes | advmod |
| 11 | swelling | swell | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 9 goes | xcomp |
| 12 | up | up | ADP | _ | 11 swelling | compound:prt |
| 13 | into | into | ADP | _ | 16 Hill | case |
| 14 | Marley | Marley | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 Hill | nmod:poss |
| 15 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 14 Marley | case |
| 16 | Hill | Hill | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 swelling | obl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 higher | punct |
| 18 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 19 little | det |
| 19 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 higher | obl:unmarked |
| 20 | higher | high | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 16 Hill | amod |
| 21 | than | than | ADP | _ | 23 Sugarloaf | case |
| 22 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 23 Sugarloaf | nmod:poss |
| 23 | Sugarloaf | sugarloaf | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 higher | obl |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 44 comes | punct |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 44 comes | cc |
| 26 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 44 comes | advmod |
| 27 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 28 story | det |
| 28 | story | story | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 comes | nsubj |
| 29 | of | of | ADP | _ | 32 time | case |
| 30 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 time | amod |
| 31 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 30 old | punct |
| 32 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 story | nmod |
| 33 | explaining | explain | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 32 time | acl |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 meaning | det |
| 35 | meaning | meaning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 explaining | obj |
| 36 | of | of | ADP | _ | 39 name | case |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 name | det |
| 38 | Maori | maori | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 39 name | amod |
| 39 | name | name | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 meaning | nmod |
| 40 | of | of | ADP | _ | 43 saddle | case |
| 41 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 43 saddle | det |
| 42 | airy | airy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 43 saddle | amod |
| 43 | saddle | saddle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 name | nmod |
| 44 | comes | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 goes | conj |
| 45 | to | to | PART | _ | 46 mind | mark |
| 46 | mind | mind | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 44 comes | xcomp |
| 47 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 goes | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go | present | the land | easily, southward property | vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | swell up | gerund | the land not said here | Marley's Hill | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | ||||
| 3 | explain speech: assert | gerund | old time not said here | the meaning of the Maori name of that airy saddle | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent meaning=Topic | ||||
| 4 | come | present | a story of old time | now | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | mind | to-infinitive | a story of old time not said here | vn care-88.1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 6 | mean | the Maori name of that airy saddle | nom meaning «communication transitive»: of=patient | ||||||
| 7 | name | that airy saddle | nom name «communication transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Project Gutenberg book 73766 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73766/11/19/