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Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, “the Crest of the Rainbow.”, sentence 29

There is a thick growth of flax on the little terraces and steep slopes above the bush, and in one place we force our way through a regular jungle of it, growing so thickly as almost to encourage the idea that a flax-mill would find profitable business here.

Who acts: thick growth, we, flax mill, flax · What happens: be, force, grow, encourage, find · To what, where: way, one place, idea, profitable business

This is a sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, “the Crest of the Rainbow.”. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (thick growth, we, flax mill, flax), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

expldetamodnsubjcasenmodcasedetamodnmodccamodconjcasedetnmodpunctcccasenummodoblnsubjparataxisnmod:possobjcasedetamodoblcasenmodpunctadvcladvmodxcompmarkadvmodmarkadvcldetobjmarkdetcompoundpunctnsubjauxaclamodobjadvmodpunctrootTherePRONisVERBaDETthickADJgrowthNOUNofADPflaxNOUNonADPtheDETlittleADJterracesNOUNandCCONJsteepADJslopesNOUNaboveADPtheDETbushNOUN,PUNCTandCCONJinADPoneNUMplaceNOUNwePRONforceVERBourPRONwayNOUNthroughADPaDETregularADJjungleNOUNofADPitPRON,PUNCTgrowingVERBsoADVthicklyADJasSCONJalmostADVtoPARTencourageVERBtheDETideaNOUNthatSCONJaDETflaxNOUN-PUNCTmillNOUNwouldAUXfindVERBprofitableADJbusinessNOUNhereADV.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1TheretherePRONPronType=Dem2 isexpl
2isbeVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Finrootroot
3aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art5 growthdet
4thickthickADJDegree=Pos5 growthamod
5growthgrowthNOUNNumber=Sing2 isnsubj
6ofofADP_7 flaxcase
7flaxflaxNOUNNumber=Sing5 growthnmod
8ononADP_11 terracescase
9thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art11 terracesdet
10littlelittleADJDegree=Pos11 terracesamod
11terracesterraceNOUNNumber=Plur7 flaxnmod
12andandCCONJ_14 slopescc
13steepsteepADJDegree=Pos14 slopesamod
14slopesslopeNOUNNumber=Plur11 terracesconj
15aboveaboveADP_17 bushcase
16thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art17 bushdet
17bushbushNOUNNumber=Sing14 slopesnmod
18,,PUNCT_24 forcepunct
19andandCCONJ_24 forcecc
20ininADP_22 placecase
21oneoneNUMNumForm=Word NumType=Card22 placenummod
22placeplaceNOUNNumber=Sing24 forceobl
23wewePRONCase=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs24 forcensubj
24forceforceVERBMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin2 isparataxis
25ourourPRONCase=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs26 waynmod:poss
26waywayNOUNNumber=Sing24 forceobj
27throughthroughADP_30 junglecase
28aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art30 jungledet
29regularregularADJDegree=Pos30 jungleamod
30junglejungleNOUNNumber=Sing24 forceobl
31ofofADP_32 itcase
32ititPRONCase=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs30 junglenmod
33,,PUNCT_34 growingpunct
34growinggrowVERBTense=Pres VerbForm=Part24 forceadvcl
35sosoADV_36 thicklyadvmod
36thicklythicklyADJDegree=Pos34 growingxcomp
37asasSCONJ_40 encouragemark
38almostalmostADV_40 encourageadvmod
39totoPART_40 encouragemark
40encourageencourageVERBVerbForm=Inf36 thicklyadvcl
41thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art42 ideadet
42ideaideaNOUNNumber=Sing40 encourageobj
43thatthatSCONJ_49 findmark
44aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art47 milldet
45flaxflaxNOUNNumber=Sing47 millcompound
46--PUNCT_45 flaxpunct
47millmillNOUN_49 findnsubj
48wouldwouldAUXVerbForm=Fin49 findaux
49findfindVERBVerbForm=Inf42 ideaacl
50profitableprofitableADJDegree=Pos51 businessamod
51businessbusinessNOUNNumber=Sing49 findobj
52herehereADVPronType=Dem49 findadvmod
53..PUNCT_2 ispunct

Pragmatics

#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1bepresenta thick growth of flax on the little terraces and steep slopes above the bushtherevn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2forcepresentweour wayone placethrough a regular jungle of placevn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent way=Recipient
3growgerundwe not said herethickly propertyvn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4encourageto-infinitivewe not said herethe ideaalmost propertyvn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent idea=Theme
5findwoulda flax millprofitable businessherevn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent business=Topic
6growflax on the little terraces and steep slopes above the bushnom growth «process intransitive»: of=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Project Gutenberg book 73766 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73766/11/29/