Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, “the Crest of the Rainbow.”, sentence 54
The inside of the valley, too, is given the semblance of a fan by the numerous converging tributary gullies, separated by grassy and flax-grown ridges.
Who acts: numerous converging tributary gullies · What happens: give, converge, separate, grow · To what, where: inside, numerous converging tributary gullies
This is a sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, “the Crest of the Rainbow.”. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (numerous converging tributary gullies), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 inside | det |
| 2 | inside | inside | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 given | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 valley | case |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 valley | det |
| 5 | valley | valley | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 inside | nmod |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 inside | punct |
| 7 | too | too | ADV | _ | 2 inside | advmod |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 inside | punct |
| 9 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 given | aux:pass |
| 10 | given | give | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 semblance | det |
| 12 | semblance | semblance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 given | obj |
| 13 | of | of | ADP | _ | 15 fan | case |
| 14 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 fan | det |
| 15 | fan | fan | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 semblance | nmod |
| 16 | by | by | ADP | _ | 21 gullies | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 gullies | det |
| 18 | numerous | numerous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 gullies | amod |
| 19 | converging | converge | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 21 gullies | amod |
| 20 | tributary | tributary | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 gullies | compound |
| 21 | gullies | gully | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 given | obl |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 separated | punct |
| 23 | separated | separate | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 21 gullies | acl |
| 24 | by | by | ADP | _ | 25 grassy | case |
| 25 | grassy | grassy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 separated | obl |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 ridges | cc |
| 27 | flax | flax | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 grown | compound |
| 28 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 27 flax | punct |
| 29 | grown | grow | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 30 ridges | amod |
| 30 | ridges | ridge | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 separated | conj |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 given | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | give | present · passive | the numerous converging tributary gullies | the inside of the valley | the semblance of a fan obj | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent subject=Recipient semblance=Theme | |||
| 2 | converge | gerund | vn meander-47.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 3 | separate | participle | the numerous converging tributary gullies not said here | by grassy; grown ridges conj | vn separate-23.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 4 | grow | participle | flax compound | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Project Gutenberg book 73766 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73766/11/54/