Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, “the Crest of the Rainbow.”, sentence 7
the tracks if you care for the exercise there is rock-climbing in plenty and there are scrambles under the low-growing trees and along steep faces hanging on to the flax clumps and the tough-branched _koromiko_.
Who acts: tracks, rock climbing, steep faces · What happens: care, be, grow, hang on, branch
This is a sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, “the Crest of the Rainbow.”. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tracks, rock climbing, steep faces), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 tracks | det |
| 2 | tracks | track | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 care | nsubj |
| 3 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 5 care | mark |
| 4 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 5 care | nsubj |
| 5 | care | care | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | for | for | ADP | _ | 8 exercise | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 exercise | det |
| 8 | exercise | exercise | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 care | obl |
| 9 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 10 is | expl |
| 10 | is | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 care | conj |
| 11 | rock | rock | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 climbing | compound |
| 12 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 11 rock | punct |
| 13 | climbing | climbing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 is | nsubj |
| 14 | in | in | ADP | _ | 15 plenty | case |
| 15 | plenty | plenty | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 climbing | nmod |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 are | cc |
| 17 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 18 are | expl |
| 18 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 35 clumps | cop |
| 19 | scrambles | scramble | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 are | nsubj |
| 20 | under | under | ADP | _ | 25 trees | case |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 trees | det |
| 22 | low | low | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 growing | amod |
| 23 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 22 low | punct |
| 24 | growing | grow | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 25 trees | amod |
| 25 | trees | tree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 scrambles | nmod |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 faces | cc |
| 27 | along | along | ADP | _ | 29 faces | case |
| 28 | steep | steep | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 faces | amod |
| 29 | faces | face | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 trees | conj |
| 30 | hanging | hang | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 29 faces | acl |
| 31 | on | on | ADP | _ | 30 hanging | compound:prt |
| 32 | to | to | ADP | _ | 34 flax | case |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 flax | det |
| 34 | flax | flax | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 hanging | obl |
| 35 | clumps | clump | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 13 climbing | acl:relcl |
| 36 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 42 koromiko | cc |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 koromiko | det |
| 38 | tough | tough | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 40 branched | compound |
| 39 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 38 tough | punct |
| 40 | branched | branch | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 42 koromiko | amod |
| 41 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 42 koromiko | punct |
| 42 | koromiko | koromiko | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 clumps | conj |
| 43 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 42 koromiko | punct |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 care | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | care | present | the tracks | for the exercise; you nsubj | vn caring-75.2-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent for exercise=Theme | ||||
| 2 | be | present | rock climbing in plenty | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | grow | gerund | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 4 | hang on | gerund | steep faces not said here | to the flax | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 5 | is | present | rock climbing in plenty not said here | the branched koromiko conj; clump property | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | branch | participle | vn differ-23.4 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Project Gutenberg book 73766 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73766/11/7/