Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, Rapaki: a Village By the Sea., sentence 10
A remnant, a _morehu_, now are tribe and forest; alike they have dwindled to a shadow; “as the woods are swept away,” says the Maori, “so shall the people vanish.”
Who acts: feet, Maori, people · What happens: be, dwindle, sweep away, say, vanish · To what, where: tribe, woods, remnant · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Rapaki: a Village By the Sea.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (feet, Maori, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 remnant | det |
| 2 | remnant | remnant | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 remnant | punct |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 morehu | det |
| 5 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 6 morehu | punct |
| 6 | morehu | morehu | X | Foreign=Yes | 2 remnant | conj |
| 7 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 6 morehu | punct |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 tribe | punct |
| 9 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 11 tribe | advmod |
| 10 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 tribe | cop |
| 11 | tribe | tribe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 remnant | conj |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 forest | cc |
| 13 | forest | forest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 tribe | conj |
| 14 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 18 dwindled | punct |
| 15 | alike | alike | SCONJ | _ | 18 dwindled | mark |
| 16 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 dwindled | nsubj |
| 17 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 dwindled | aux |
| 18 | dwindled | dwindle | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 2 remnant | conj |
| 19 | to | to | ADP | _ | 21 shadow | case |
| 20 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 shadow | det |
| 21 | shadow | shadow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 dwindled | obl |
| 22 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 32 says | punct |
| 23 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 32 says | punct |
| 24 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 28 swept | mark |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 woods | det |
| 26 | woods | wood | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 swept | nsubj:pass |
| 27 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 28 swept | aux:pass |
| 28 | swept | sweep | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 32 says | advcl |
| 29 | away | away | ADV | _ | 28 swept | advmod |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 swept | punct |
| 31 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 28 swept | punct |
| 32 | says | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 dwindled | parataxis |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 Maori | det |
| 34 | Maori | Maori | PROPN | Number=Sing | 32 says | nsubj |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 vanish | punct |
| 36 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 41 vanish | punct |
| 37 | so | so | ADV | _ | 41 vanish | advmod |
| 38 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 41 vanish | aux |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 people | det |
| 40 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 41 vanish | nsubj |
| 41 | vanish | vanish | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 32 says | conj |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 remnant | punct |
| 43 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 remnant | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | tribe and forest | now | forest conj | tree rules | |||
| 2 | dwindle | present · perfect | feet = foot | to a shadow | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | ||||
| 3 | sweep away in a quote | present · passive | the woods | away property | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Trajectory | ||||
| 4 | say speech: assert | present | the Maori | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | vanish in a quote | shall | the people | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Project Gutenberg book 73766 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73766/12/10/