Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, Rapaki: a Village By the Sea., sentence 106
The harbour lies a sheet of scarcely moving tender turquoise, just a shade lighter than the face of the famous Tikitapu, inaccurately called the Blue Lake by the _pakeha_; high beyond the shark’s-teeth of the peaks that someone has named the Seven Sleepers are drawn in soft blue upon the rose of the heaven above, their feet are bathed in violet, and the purple mists swim wraith-like from their hidden hollows.
Who acts: harbour, sheet, purple mists · What happens: lie, move, call, name, draw, bath · To what, where: sheet, tender turquoise, famous Tikitapu, someone, Seven Sleepers, soft blue · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Rapaki: a Village By the Sea.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (harbour, sheet, purple mists), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 harbour | det |
| 2 | harbour | harbour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 lies | nsubj |
| 3 | lies | lie | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 sheet | det |
| 5 | sheet | sheet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 lies | obj |
| 6 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 8 moving | mark |
| 7 | scarcely | scarcely | ADV | _ | 8 moving | advmod |
| 8 | moving | move | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 5 sheet | acl |
| 9 | tender | tender | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 turquoise | amod |
| 10 | turquoise | turquoise | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 moving | obj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 shade | punct |
| 12 | just | just | ADV | _ | 14 shade | advmod |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 shade | det |
| 14 | shade | shade | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 turquoise | appos |
| 15 | lighter | light | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 14 shade | amod |
| 16 | than | than | ADP | _ | 18 face | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 face | det |
| 18 | face | face | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 lighter | obl |
| 19 | of | of | ADP | _ | 22 Tikitapu | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 Tikitapu | det |
| 21 | famous | famous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 Tikitapu | amod |
| 22 | Tikitapu | Tikitapu | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 face | nmod |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 called | punct |
| 24 | inaccurately | inaccurately | ADV | _ | 25 called | advmod |
| 25 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 22 Tikitapu | acl |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 Lake | det |
| 27 | Blue | Blue | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 Lake | amod |
| 28 | Lake | Lake | PROPN | Number=Sing | 25 called | xcomp |
| 29 | by | by | ADP | _ | 32 pakeha | case |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 pakeha | det |
| 31 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 32 pakeha | punct |
| 32 | pakeha | pakeha | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 called | obl |
| 33 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 25 called | punct |
| 34 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 35 high | punct |
| 35 | high | high | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 lies | parataxis |
| 36 | beyond | beyond | ADP | _ | 38 shark’s | case |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 shark’s | det |
| 38 | shark’s | shark' | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 high | obl |
| 39 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 38 shark’s | punct |
| 40 | teeth | tooth | NOUN | Number=Plur | 38 shark’s | conj |
| 41 | of | of | ADP | _ | 43 peaks | case |
| 42 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 43 peaks | det |
| 43 | peaks | peak | NOUN | Number=Plur | 40 teeth | nmod |
| 44 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 47 named | obj |
| 45 | someone | someone | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 47 named | nsubj:pass |
| 46 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 47 named | aux |
| 47 | named | name | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 43 peaks | acl:relcl |
| 48 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 50 Sleepers | det |
| 49 | Seven | seven | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 50 Sleepers | nummod |
| 50 | Sleepers | Sleeper | PROPN | Number=Plur | 52 drawn | nsubj |
| 51 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 52 drawn | aux:pass |
| 52 | drawn | draw | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 47 named | ccomp |
| 53 | in | in | ADP | _ | 55 blue | case |
| 54 | soft | soft | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 55 blue | amod |
| 55 | blue | blue | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 52 drawn | obl |
| 56 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 58 rose | case |
| 57 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 58 rose | det |
| 58 | rose | rose | NOUN | Number=Sing | 52 drawn | obl |
| 59 | of | of | ADP | _ | 61 heaven | case |
| 60 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 61 heaven | det |
| 61 | heaven | heaven | NOUN | Number=Sing | 58 rose | nmod |
| 62 | above | above | ADV | _ | 61 heaven | advmod |
| 63 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 67 bathed | punct |
| 64 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 65 feet | nmod:poss |
| 65 | feet | foot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 67 bathed | nsubj:pass |
| 66 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 67 bathed | aux:pass |
| 67 | bathed | bath | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 lies | parataxis |
| 68 | in | in | ADP | _ | 69 violet | case |
| 69 | violet | violet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 67 bathed | obl |
| 70 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 75 swim | punct |
| 71 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 75 swim | cc |
| 72 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 74 mists | det |
| 73 | purple | purple | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 74 mists | amod |
| 74 | mists | mist | NOUN | Number=Plur | 75 swim | nsubj |
| 75 | swim | swim | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 67 bathed | conj |
| 76 | wraith | wraith | NOUN | Number=Sing | 78 like | compound |
| 77 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 76 wraith | punct |
| 78 | like | like | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 75 swim | advcl |
| 79 | from | from | ADP | _ | 82 hollows | case |
| 80 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 82 hollows | nmod:poss |
| 81 | hidden | hidden | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 82 hollows | amod |
| 82 | hollows | hollow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 75 swim | obl |
| 83 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 lies | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | lie | present | the harbour | a sheet | vn spatial_configuration-47.6 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location sheet=Theme | ||||
| 2 | move | gerund | a sheet not said here | tender turquoise | scarcely property | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent turquoise=Theme | |||
| 3 | call | participle | the famous Tikitapu not said here | by the pakeha; the Blue Lake xcomp; inaccurately property | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | name | present · perfect · passive | someone | the peaks obj | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | draw | present · passive | the Seven Sleepers | soft blue | upon the rose of the heaven | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in blue=Destination | |||
| 6 | bath | present · passive | Sleepers's feet | violet | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | swim | present | the purple mists | mists's hidden hollows | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from hollow=Trajectory |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Project Gutenberg book 73766 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73766/12/106/