Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, Rapaki: a Village By the Sea., sentence 20
The old man tells us first how this village came to be named Rapaki--not Raupaki, as it is erroneously spelled on the maps.
Who acts: old man, village · What happens: tell, come, name, spell · To what, where: us, village, maps · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Rapaki: a Village By the Sea.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (old man, village), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 man | det |
| 2 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 man | amod |
| 3 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 tells | nsubj |
| 4 | tells | tell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 4 tells | iobj |
| 6 | first | first | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 4 tells | advmod |
| 7 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 10 came | advmod |
| 8 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 9 village | det |
| 9 | village | village | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 came | nsubj |
| 10 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 tells | ccomp |
| 11 | to | to | PART | _ | 13 named | mark |
| 12 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 13 named | aux:pass |
| 13 | named | name | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 came | advcl |
| 14 | Rapaki | Rapaki | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 named | xcomp |
| 15 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 17 Raupaki | punct |
| 16 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 17 Raupaki | advmod |
| 17 | Raupaki | Raupaki | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 Rapaki | conj |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 spelled | punct |
| 19 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 23 spelled | mark |
| 20 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 spelled | nsubj:pass |
| 21 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 spelled | aux:pass |
| 22 | erroneously | erroneously | ADV | _ | 23 spelled | advmod |
| 23 | spelled | spell | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 13 named | conj |
| 24 | on | on | ADP | _ | 26 maps | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 maps | det |
| 26 | maps | map | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 spelled | obl |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 tells | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | tell speech: assert | present | the old man | us | first property | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP what S»: agent=Agent we=Recipient clause=Topic | |||
| 2 | come | past | this village | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | name | to-infinitive · passive | this village not said here | Rapaki and Raupaki xcomp | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP» | ||||
| 4 | spell | present · passive | village | the maps | erroneously property | vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme on map=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Project Gutenberg book 73766 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73766/12/20/