Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, How the Sacred Fire Came to Witch Hill., sentence 36
The fire, sent by the gods in the heart of the North Island, burst forth from Tongariro and speeding down the rift of the Wanganui River valley it touched a spot near Nelson, and again it touched Motu-nau--the small island close to the Canterbury Coast--and then it appeared again in a magic blaze on the side of Witch Hill, and the Maori explorers warmed their frozen limbs and were saved.
Who acts: fire, prayer, it, Maori explorers · What happens: send, burst, speed, touch, appear, warm · To what, where: fire, heart, Tongariro, rift, spot, Nelson
This is a sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, How the Sacred Fire Came to Witch Hill.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (fire, prayer, it, Maori explorers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 fire | det |
| 2 | fire | fire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 burst | nsubj |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 sent | punct |
| 4 | sent | send | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 fire | acl |
| 5 | by | by | ADP | _ | 7 gods | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 gods | det |
| 7 | gods | god | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 sent | obl |
| 8 | in | in | ADP | _ | 10 heart | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 heart | det |
| 10 | heart | heart | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 sent | obl |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 Island | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 Island | det |
| 13 | North | North | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 Island | compound |
| 14 | Island | Island | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 heart | nmod |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 fire | punct |
| 16 | burst | burst | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 17 | forth | forth | ADV | _ | 16 burst | advmod |
| 18 | from | from | ADP | _ | 19 Tongariro | case |
| 19 | Tongariro | Tongariro | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 burst | obl |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 speeding | cc |
| 21 | speeding | speed | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 19 Tongariro | conj |
| 22 | down | down | ADP | _ | 24 rift | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 rift | det |
| 24 | rift | rift | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 speeding | obl |
| 25 | of | of | ADP | _ | 29 valley | case |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 valley | det |
| 27 | Wanganui | Wanganui | PROPN | Number=Sing | 28 River | compound |
| 28 | River | River | PROPN | Number=Sing | 29 valley | compound |
| 29 | valley | valley | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 rift | nmod |
| 30 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 31 touched | nsubj |
| 31 | touched | touch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 29 valley | acl:relcl |
| 32 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 33 spot | det |
| 33 | spot | spot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 touched | obj |
| 34 | near | near | ADP | _ | 35 Nelson | case |
| 35 | Nelson | Nelson | PROPN | Number=Sing | 33 spot | nmod |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 touched | punct |
| 37 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 40 touched | cc |
| 38 | again | again | ADV | _ | 40 touched | advmod |
| 39 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 40 touched | nsubj |
| 40 | touched | touch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 burst | conj |
| 41 | Motu | Motu | PROPN | Number=Sing | 40 touched | obj |
| 42 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 43 nau | punct |
| 43 | nau | nau | X | Foreign=Yes | 41 Motu | dep |
| 44 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 47 island | punct |
| 45 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 47 island | det |
| 46 | small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 47 island | amod |
| 47 | island | island | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 Motu | appos |
| 48 | close | close | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 47 island | amod |
| 49 | to | to | ADP | _ | 52 Coast | case |
| 50 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 52 Coast | det |
| 51 | Canterbury | Canterbury | PROPN | Number=Sing | 52 Coast | compound |
| 52 | Coast | Coast | PROPN | Number=Sing | 48 close | obl |
| 53 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 57 appeared | punct |
| 54 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 57 appeared | cc |
| 55 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 57 appeared | advmod |
| 56 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 57 appeared | nsubj |
| 57 | appeared | appear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 burst | conj |
| 58 | again | again | ADV | _ | 57 appeared | advmod |
| 59 | in | in | ADP | _ | 62 blaze | case |
| 60 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 62 blaze | det |
| 61 | magic | magic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 62 blaze | amod |
| 62 | blaze | blaze | NOUN | Number=Sing | 57 appeared | obl |
| 63 | on | on | ADP | _ | 65 side | case |
| 64 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 65 side | det |
| 65 | side | side | NOUN | Number=Sing | 62 blaze | nmod |
| 66 | of | of | ADP | _ | 67 Witch | case |
| 67 | Witch | Witch | PROPN | Number=Sing | 65 side | nmod |
| 68 | Hill | Hill | PROPN | Number=Sing | 67 Witch | flat |
| 69 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 74 warmed | punct |
| 70 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 74 warmed | cc |
| 71 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 73 explorers | det |
| 72 | Maori | Maori | PROPN | Number=Sing | 73 explorers | compound |
| 73 | explorers | explorer | NOUN | Number=Plur | 74 warmed | nsubj |
| 74 | warmed | warm | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 burst | parataxis |
| 75 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 77 limbs | nmod:poss |
| 76 | frozen | frozen | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 77 limbs | amod |
| 77 | limbs | limb | NOUN | Number=Plur | 74 warmed | obj |
| 78 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 80 saved | cc |
| 79 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 80 saved | aux:pass |
| 80 | saved | save | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 74 warmed | conj |
| 81 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 16 burst | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | send | participle | the fire not said here | the heart of the North Island | by the gods | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent in heart=Destination | |||
| 2 | burst | past | the fire | Tongariro | forth property | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||
| 3 | speed | gerund | the fire not said here | the rift of the River valley | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme down rift=Trajectory | ||||
| 4 | touch | past | prayer | a spot | Nelson | vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme spot=Co-Theme | |||
| 5 | touch | past | prayer | Motu | again | vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme motu=Co-Theme | |||
| 6 | appear | past | it | a magic blaze on the side of Witch | then; again | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in blaze=Location | |||
| 7 | warm | past | the Maori explorers | gods's frozen limbs | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent limb=Patient | ||||
| 8 | save | past · passive | the Maori explorers not said here | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP» |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Project Gutenberg book 73766 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73766/13/36/