Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, The Little People of the Mist., sentence 19
The _Kaumatua_ swept his finger across the southern sky-line, the wild and broken peaks of Banks Peninsula, rising up in powerful slants from the soft blue of the harbour, creased with the gullies of water-courses.
Who acts: Kaumatua _ · What happens: sweep, break, rise up, crease · To what, where: finger, southern sky line, powerful slants
This is a sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, The Little People of the Mist.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Kaumatua _), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 _ | det |
| 2 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 3 Kaumatua | punct |
| 3 | Kaumatua | Kaumatua | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 _ | compound |
| 4 | _ | _ | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 swept | nsubj |
| 5 | swept | sweep | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 finger | nmod:poss |
| 7 | finger | finger | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 swept | obj |
| 8 | across | across | ADP | _ | 13 line | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 line | det |
| 10 | southern | southern | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 line | amod |
| 11 | sky | sky | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 line | compound |
| 12 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 11 sky | punct |
| 13 | line | line | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 swept | obl |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 wild | punct |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 wild | det |
| 16 | wild | wild | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 line | conj |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 peaks | cc |
| 18 | broken | break | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 19 peaks | amod |
| 19 | peaks | peak | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 line | conj |
| 20 | of | of | ADP | _ | 22 Peninsula | case |
| 21 | Banks | Banks | PROPN | Number=Sing | 22 Peninsula | compound |
| 22 | Peninsula | Peninsula | PROPN | Number=Sing | 19 peaks | nmod |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 rising | punct |
| 24 | rising | rise | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 5 swept | advcl |
| 25 | up | up | ADP | _ | 24 rising | compound:prt |
| 26 | in | in | ADP | _ | 28 slants | case |
| 27 | powerful | powerful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 slants | amod |
| 28 | slants | slant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 rising | obl |
| 29 | from | from | ADP | _ | 32 blue | case |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 blue | det |
| 31 | soft | soft | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 blue | amod |
| 32 | blue | blue | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 slants | nmod |
| 33 | of | of | ADP | _ | 35 harbour | case |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 harbour | det |
| 35 | harbour | harbour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 blue | nmod |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 creased | punct |
| 37 | creased | crease | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 28 slants | acl |
| 38 | with | with | ADP | _ | 40 gullies | case |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 gullies | det |
| 40 | gullies | gully | NOUN | Number=Plur | 37 creased | obl |
| 41 | of | of | ADP | _ | 44 courses | case |
| 42 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 courses | compound |
| 43 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 42 water | punct |
| 44 | courses | course | NOUN | Number=Plur | 40 gullies | nmod |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 swept | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | sweep | past | the Kaumatua _ | _'s finger | the southern sky line and the wild and broken peaks of Banks Peninsula | vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent finger=Theme across line=Trajectory | |||
| 2 | break | participle | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient | ||||||
| 3 | rise up | gerund | the Kaumatua _ not said here | powerful slants from the soft blue of the harbour | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in slant=Location | ||||
| 4 | crease | participle | powerful slants from the soft blue of the harbour not said here | with the gullies of water courses | vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent with gully=Instrument |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Project Gutenberg book 73766 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73766/14/19/