Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, The Little People of the Mist., sentence 30
In the early morning too, when the fogs are lifting from the bays, and here and there a black broken thumb of a peak juts out above the trailing vapours, or the mist-wreaths drape in torn veilings the huge rampart-like scarps, and when the first rosy sunbeams glorify the half-revealed mountains, the poetic mind can well conceive of this region as one of fairy wizardry and all manner of dusk-time magic.
Who acts: fogs, black broken thumb, first rosy sunbeams, poetic mind · What happens: lift, break, jut out, glorify, reveal, conceive · To what, where: bays, trailing vapours, revealed mountains
This is a sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, The Little People of the Mist.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (fogs, black broken thumb, first rosy sunbeams, poetic mind), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 4 morning | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 morning | det |
| 3 | early | early | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 morning | amod |
| 4 | morning | morning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 68 conceive | obl |
| 5 | too | too | ADV | _ | 4 morning | advmod |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 lifting | punct |
| 7 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 11 lifting | advmod |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 fogs | det |
| 9 | fogs | fog | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 lifting | nsubj |
| 10 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 lifting | aux |
| 11 | lifting | lift | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 4 morning | conj |
| 12 | from | from | ADP | _ | 14 bays | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 bays | det |
| 14 | bays | bay | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 lifting | obl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 here | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 here | cc |
| 17 | here | here | ADV | PronType=Dem | 11 lifting | advmod |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 juts | cc |
| 19 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 27 juts | expl |
| 20 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 23 thumb | det |
| 21 | black | black | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 thumb | amod |
| 22 | broken | break | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 23 thumb | amod |
| 23 | thumb | thumb | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 juts | nsubj |
| 24 | of | of | ADP | _ | 26 peak | case |
| 25 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 26 peak | det |
| 26 | peak | peak | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 thumb | nmod |
| 27 | juts | jut | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 here | conj |
| 28 | out | out | ADP | _ | 27 juts | compound:prt |
| 29 | above | above | ADP | _ | 32 vapours | case |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 vapours | det |
| 31 | trailing | trailing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 vapours | compound |
| 32 | vapours | vapour | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 juts | obl |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 drape | punct |
| 34 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 39 drape | cc |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 drape | det |
| 36 | mist | mist | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 wreaths | compound |
| 37 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 36 mist | punct |
| 38 | wreaths | wreath | NOUN | Number=Plur | 39 drape | compound |
| 39 | drape | drape | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 vapours | nmod |
| 40 | in | in | ADP | _ | 42 veilings | case |
| 41 | torn | torn | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 42 veilings | amod |
| 42 | veilings | veiling | NOUN | Number=Plur | 39 drape | nmod |
| 43 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 48 scarps | det |
| 44 | huge | huge | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 48 scarps | amod |
| 45 | rampart | rampart | NOUN | Number=Sing | 47 like | compound |
| 46 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 45 rampart | punct |
| 47 | like | like | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 48 scarps | amod |
| 48 | scarps | scarp | NOUN | Number=Plur | 42 veilings | nmod |
| 49 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 56 glorify | punct |
| 50 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 56 glorify | cc |
| 51 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 56 glorify | advmod |
| 52 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 55 sunbeams | det |
| 53 | first | first | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 55 sunbeams | amod |
| 54 | rosy | rosy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 55 sunbeams | amod |
| 55 | sunbeams | sunbeam | NOUN | Number=Plur | 56 glorify | nsubj |
| 56 | glorify | glorify | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 here | parataxis |
| 57 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 61 mountains | det |
| 58 | half | half | NOUN | Number=Sing NumForm=Word NumType=Frac | 60 revealed | compound |
| 59 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 58 half | punct |
| 60 | revealed | reveal | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 61 mountains | amod |
| 61 | mountains | mountain | NOUN | Number=Plur | 56 glorify | obj |
| 62 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 morning | punct |
| 63 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 65 mind | det |
| 64 | poetic | poetic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 65 mind | amod |
| 65 | mind | mind | NOUN | Number=Sing | 68 conceive | nsubj |
| 66 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 68 conceive | aux |
| 67 | well | well | ADV | Degree=Pos | 68 conceive | advmod |
| 68 | conceive | conceive | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 69 | of | of | ADP | _ | 71 region | case |
| 70 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 71 region | det |
| 71 | region | region | NOUN | Number=Sing | 68 conceive | obl |
| 72 | as | as | ADP | _ | 73 one | case |
| 73 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 68 conceive | obl |
| 74 | of | of | ADP | _ | 76 wizardry | case |
| 75 | fairy | fairy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 76 wizardry | amod |
| 76 | wizardry | wizardry | NOUN | Number=Sing | 73 one | nmod |
| 77 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 79 manner | cc |
| 78 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 79 manner | det |
| 79 | manner | manner | NOUN | Number=Sing | 76 wizardry | conj |
| 80 | of | of | ADP | _ | 84 magic | case |
| 81 | dusk | dusk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 83 time | compound |
| 82 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 81 dusk | punct |
| 83 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 84 magic | compound |
| 84 | magic | magic | NOUN | Number=Sing | 79 manner | nmod |
| 85 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 68 conceive | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | lift | present · progressive | the fogs | the bays; here | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent from bay=Destination | ||||
| 2 | break | participle | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient | ||||||
| 3 | jut out | present | a black broken thumb of a peak | the trailing vapours the wreaths drape in torn veilings the huge like scarps; there | vn spatial_configuration-47.6 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme above vapour=Location | ||||
| 4 | glorify | present | the first rosy sunbeams | the revealed mountains | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mountain=Theme | ||||
| 5 | reveal | participle | half compound | vn characterize-29.2-1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 6 | conceive | can | the poetic mind | morning | of this region; as one of fairy wizardry and all manner of time magic; well property | vn characterize-29.2-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent as one=Attribute |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Project Gutenberg book 73766 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73766/14/30/