Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, The Little People of the Mist., sentence 40
This was a sign to the weather-wise that a nor’-wester was blowing on the Canterbury Plains--a _tohu_, or token, that was seldom astray.
Who acts: This, ’ wester, that · What happens: be, blow · To what, where: sign, Canterbury Plains
This is a sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, The Little People of the Mist.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (This, ’ wester, that), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | This | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 4 sign | nsubj |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 sign | cop |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 sign | det |
| 4 | sign | sign | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 5 | to | to | ADP | _ | 9 wise | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 wise | det |
| 7 | weather | weather | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 wise | nsubj |
| 8 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 9 wise | punct |
| 9 | wise | wise | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 sign | acl:relcl |
| 10 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 17 blowing | mark |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 wester | det |
| 12 | nor | nor | CCONJ | Polarity=Neg | 13 ’ | cc |
| 13 | ’ | ' | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 wester | compound |
| 14 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 13 ’ | punct |
| 15 | wester | wester | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 blowing | nsubj |
| 16 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 blowing | aux |
| 17 | blowing | blow | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 9 wise | advcl |
| 18 | on | on | ADP | _ | 21 Plains | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 Plains | det |
| 20 | Canterbury | Canterbury | PROPN | Number=Sing | 21 Plains | compound |
| 21 | Plains | Plain | PROPN | Number=Plur | 17 blowing | obl |
| 22 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 25 tohu | punct |
| 23 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 25 tohu | det |
| 24 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 25 tohu | punct |
| 25 | tohu | tohu | X | Foreign=Yes | 4 sign | appos |
| 26 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 25 tohu | punct |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 token | punct |
| 28 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 29 token | cc |
| 29 | token | token | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 sign | parataxis |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 astray | punct |
| 31 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 34 astray | nsubj |
| 32 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 34 astray | cop |
| 33 | seldom | seldom | ADV | _ | 34 astray | advmod |
| 34 | astray | astray | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 token | conj |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 sign | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | This | a sign | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | blow | past · progressive | a ’ wester | the Canterbury Plains | vn split-23.2 «NP V apart»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 3 | is | past | that | astray, seldom property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Project Gutenberg book 73766 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73766/14/40/