Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, The Little People of the Mist., sentence 53
There was a cliff at O-te-Patatu, says the _Kaumatua_, where the _titi_ lived and bred in great numbers in the long ago.
Who acts: cliff, Kaumatua, titi _ · What happens: be, say, live, breed · To what, where: great numbers · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, The Little People of the Mist.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cliff, Kaumatua, titi _), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | There | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 2 was | expl |
| 2 | was | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 says | ccomp |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 cliff | det |
| 4 | cliff | cliff | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 was | nsubj |
| 5 | at | at | ADP | _ | 8 te | case |
| 6 | O | o | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 te | compound |
| 7 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 6 O | punct |
| 8 | te | te | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 cliff | nmod |
| 9 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 10 Patatu | punct |
| 10 | Patatu | Patatu | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 te | appos |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 says | punct |
| 12 | says | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 Kaumatua | det |
| 14 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 15 Kaumatua | punct |
| 15 | Kaumatua | Kaumatua | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 says | nsubj |
| 16 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 15 Kaumatua | punct |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 lived | punct |
| 18 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 23 lived | advmod |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 _ | det |
| 20 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 22 _ | punct |
| 21 | titi | titi | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 _ | compound |
| 22 | _ | _ | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 lived | nsubj |
| 23 | lived | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 Kaumatua | acl:relcl |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 bred | cc |
| 25 | bred | breed | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 23 lived | conj |
| 26 | in | in | ADP | _ | 28 numbers | case |
| 27 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 numbers | amod |
| 28 | numbers | number | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 bred | obl |
| 29 | in | in | ADP | _ | 32 ago | case |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 ago | det |
| 31 | long | long | ADV | Degree=Pos | 32 ago | advmod |
| 32 | ago | ago | ADV | _ | 25 bred | obl |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 12 says | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | be | past | a cliff at O te | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | present | the Kaumatua | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | live | past | the titi _ | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 4 | breed | past | the titi _ not said here | great numbers | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Project Gutenberg book 73766 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73766/14/53/