Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, Mount Pleasant and Its “tapu.”, sentence 18
Taare Tikao himself says that many years ago, when he was shearing at Major Hornbrook’s, he was taken suddenly and mysteriously ill, and that the illness was probably the effect of the local _tapu_.
Who acts: Taare, illness · What happens: say, shear, take, be · To what, where: Major Hornbrook, Taare, effect · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Mount Pleasant and Its “tapu.”. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Taare, illness), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Taare | Taare | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 says | nsubj |
| 2 | Tikao | Tikao | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 Taare | flat |
| 3 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Emp Reflex=Yes | 1 Taare | nmod:unmarked |
| 4 | says | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 8 ago | mark |
| 6 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 years | amod |
| 7 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 ago | obl:unmarked |
| 8 | ago | ago | ADV | _ | 4 says | ccomp |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 shearing | punct |
| 10 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 13 shearing | advmod |
| 11 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 shearing | nsubj |
| 12 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 shearing | aux |
| 13 | shearing | shear | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 4 says | advcl |
| 14 | at | at | ADP | _ | 16 Hornbrook | case |
| 15 | Major | Major | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 Hornbrook | compound |
| 16 | Hornbrook | Hornbrook | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 shearing | obl |
| 17 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 16 Hornbrook | case |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 taken | punct |
| 19 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 taken | nsubj |
| 20 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 taken | aux:pass |
| 21 | taken | take | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 says | parataxis |
| 22 | suddenly | suddenly | ADV | _ | 21 taken | advmod |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 ill | cc |
| 24 | mysteriously | mysteriously | ADV | _ | 25 ill | advmod |
| 25 | ill | ill | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 taken | conj |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 effect | punct |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 effect | cc |
| 28 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 34 effect | mark |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 illness | det |
| 30 | illness | illness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 effect | nsubj |
| 31 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 34 effect | cop |
| 32 | probably | probably | ADV | _ | 34 effect | advmod |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 effect | det |
| 34 | effect | effect | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 says | parataxis |
| 35 | of | of | ADP | _ | 39 tapu | case |
| 36 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 tapu | det |
| 37 | local | local | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 39 tapu | amod |
| 38 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 37 local | punct |
| 39 | tapu | tapu | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 effect | nmod |
| 40 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 34 effect | punct |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 says | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | present | Taare Taare | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | shear | past · progressive | Taare | Major Hornbrook | vn wipe_instr-10.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | take | past · passive | Taare | suddenly property | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: subject=Destination | ||||
| 4 | is a | past | the illness | the effect | of the local tapu; probably property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Project Gutenberg book 73766 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73766/15/18/