Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, Mount Pleasant and Its “tapu.”, sentence 17
Maoris who have camped on the side of the track which goes over the hills there have spent a night of inexplicable discomfort, inexplicable, that is, but for the presence of the _tapu_ and the unseen spirits of Maoridom.
Who acts: Maoris, track, that · What happens: camp, go, spend, be · To what, where: side, hills
This is a sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Mount Pleasant and Its “tapu.”. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Maoris, track, that), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Maoris | maori | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 spent | nsubj |
| 2 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 4 camped | nsubj |
| 3 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 camped | aux |
| 4 | camped | camp | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 1 Maoris | acl:relcl |
| 5 | on | on | ADP | _ | 7 side | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 side | det |
| 7 | side | side | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 camped | obl |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 track | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 track | det |
| 10 | track | track | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 side | nmod |
| 11 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 12 goes | nsubj |
| 12 | goes | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 track | acl:relcl |
| 13 | over | over | ADP | _ | 15 hills | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 hills | det |
| 15 | hills | hill | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 goes | obl |
| 16 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 12 goes | advmod |
| 17 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 spent | aux |
| 18 | spent | spend | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 19 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 20 night | det |
| 20 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 spent | obj |
| 21 | of | of | ADP | _ | 23 discomfort | case |
| 22 | inexplicable | inexplicable | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 discomfort | amod |
| 23 | discomfort | discomfort | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 night | nmod |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 inexplicable | punct |
| 25 | inexplicable | inexplicable | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 discomfort | amod |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 is | punct |
| 27 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 28 is | nsubj |
| 28 | is | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 spent | conj |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 presence | punct |
| 30 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 33 presence | cc |
| 31 | for | for | ADP | _ | 33 presence | case |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 presence | det |
| 33 | presence | presence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 spent | obl |
| 34 | of | of | ADP | _ | 37 tapu | case |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 37 tapu | det |
| 36 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 37 tapu | punct |
| 37 | tapu | tapu | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 presence | nmod |
| 38 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 18 spent | punct |
| 39 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 42 spirits | cc |
| 40 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 spirits | det |
| 41 | unseen | unseen | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 42 spirits | amod |
| 42 | spirits | spirit | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 spent | conj |
| 43 | of | of | ADP | _ | 44 Maoridom | case |
| 44 | Maoridom | Maoridom | PROPN | Number=Sing | 42 spirits | nmod |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 18 spent | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | camp | present · perfect | Maoris | the side of the track | vn odge-46-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | go | present | the track | the hills; there | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme over hill=Initial_Location | ||||
| 3 | spend | present · perfect | Maoris | night | for the presence of the tapu; the unseen spirits of Maoridom conj | vn pay-68 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent for presence=Theme | |||
| 4 | be | present | that | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Project Gutenberg book 73766 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73766/15/17/