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Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, The Story of the Rocks., sentence 11

There is hardly a more interesting specimen of vulcanism in New Zealand, for example, than the strange wall of grey-white lava rock which Europeans call the Giant’s Causeway and the Maoris “The Fire of Tamatea,” which protrudes from the hilltop just above Rapaki, and which may be seen again on the far side of the harbour, a volcanic dyke that the ancient people--with surely some perception of geological truth--connected in their legends with the internal fires of the North Island.

Who acts: interesting specimen, Europeans, strange wall · What happens: be, call, protrude, see, connect, perceive · To what, where: grey white lava rock, hilltop, far side, ancient people, legends, geological truth · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, The Story of the Rocks.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (interesting specimen, Europeans, strange wall), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

expladvmoddetadvmodamodnsubjcasenmodcaseflatnmodpunctcasenmodpunctcasedetamodparataxiscaseamodpunctamodcompoundnmodobjnsubjacl:relcldetamodcasexcompccdetconjpunctdetapposcasenmodpunctpunctnsubjparataxiscasedetobladvmodcaseoblpunctccnsubj:passauxaux:passadvcladvmodcasedetamodoblcasedetnmodpunctdetamodconjmarkdetamodappospunctcaseadvmoddetnmodcaseamodnmodpunctaclcasenmod:possoblcasedetamodnmodcasedetcompoundnmodpunctrootTherePRONisVERBhardlyADVaDETmoreADVinterestingADJspecimenNOUNofADPvulcanismNOUNinADPNewPROPNZealandPROPN,PUNCTforADPexampleNOUN,PUNCTthanADPtheDETstrangeADJwallNOUNofADPgreyADJ-PUNCTwhiteADJlavaNOUNrockNOUNwhichPRONEuropeansPROPNcallVERBtheDETGiantADJ’sPARTCausewayPROPNandCCONJtheDETMaorisPROPN“PUNCTTheDETFirePROPNofADPTamateaPROPN,PUNCT”PUNCTwhichPRONprotrudesVERBfromADPtheDEThilltopNOUNjustADVaboveADPRapakiPROPN,PUNCTandCCONJwhichPRONmayAUXbeAUXseenVERBagainADVonADPtheDETfarADJsideNOUNofADPtheDETharbourNOUN,PUNCTaDETvolcanicADJdykeNOUNthatSCONJtheDETancientADJpeopleNOUN--PUNCTwithADPsurelyADVsomeDETperceptionNOUNofADPgeologicalADJtruthNOUN--PUNCTconnectedVERBinADPtheirPRONlegendsNOUNwithADPtheDETinternalADJfiresNOUNofADPtheDETNorthPROPNIslandPROPN.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1TheretherePRONPronType=Dem2 isexpl
2isbeVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Finrootroot
3hardlyhardlyADV_2 isadvmod
4aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art7 specimendet
5moremoreADVDegree=Cmp6 interestingadvmod
6interestinginterestingADJDegree=Pos7 specimenamod
7specimenspecimenNOUNNumber=Sing2 isnsubj
8ofofADP_9 vulcanismcase
9vulcanismvulcanismNOUNNumber=Sing7 specimennmod
10ininADP_12 Zealandcase
11NewNewPROPNNumber=Sing12 Zealandflat
12ZealandZealandPROPNNumber=Sing9 vulcanismnmod
13,,PUNCT_15 examplepunct
14forforADP_15 examplecase
15exampleexampleNOUNNumber=Sing7 specimennmod
16,,PUNCT_20 wallpunct
17thanthanADP_20 wallcase
18thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art20 walldet
19strangestrangeADJDegree=Pos20 wallamod
20wallwallNOUNNumber=Sing2 isparataxis
21ofofADP_26 rockcase
22greygreyADJDegree=Pos26 rockamod
23--PUNCT_22 greypunct
24whitewhiteADJDegree=Pos26 rockamod
25lavalavaNOUNNumber=Sing26 rockcompound
26rockrockNOUNNumber=Sing20 wallnmod
27whichwhichPRONPronType=Rel29 callobj
28EuropeansEuropeanPROPNNumber=Plur29 callnsubj
29callcallVERBMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin26 rockacl:relcl
30thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art33 Causewaydet
31GiantgiantADJDegree=Pos33 Causewayamod
32’s'sPART_31 Giantcase
33CausewayCausewayPROPNNumber=Sing29 callxcomp
34andandCCONJ_36 Maoriscc
35thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art36 Maorisdet
36MaorisMaorisPROPNNumber=Sing33 Causewayconj
37“"PUNCT_39 Firepunct
38ThetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art39 Firedet
39FireFirePROPNNumber=Sing36 Maorisappos
40ofofADP_41 Tamateacase
41TamateaTamateaPROPNNumber=Sing39 Firenmod
42,,PUNCT_43 ”punct
43”"PUNCT_20 wallpunct
44whichwhichPRONPronType=Rel45 protrudesnsubj
45protrudesprotrudeVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin20 wallparataxis
46fromfromADP_48 hilltopcase
47thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art48 hilltopdet
48hilltophilltopNOUNNumber=Sing45 protrudesobl
49justjustADV_51 Rapakiadvmod
50aboveaboveADP_51 Rapakicase
51RapakiRapakiPROPNNumber=Sing45 protrudesobl
52,,PUNCT_57 seenpunct
53andandCCONJ_57 seencc
54whichwhichPRONPronType=Rel57 seennsubj:pass
55maymayAUXVerbForm=Fin57 seenaux
56bebeAUXVerbForm=Inf57 seenaux:pass
57seenseeVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass45 protrudesadvcl
58againagainADV_57 seenadvmod
59ononADP_62 sidecase
60thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art62 sidedet
61farfarADJDegree=Pos62 sideamod
62sidesideNOUNNumber=Sing57 seenobl
63ofofADP_65 harbourcase
64thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art65 harbourdet
65harbourharbourNOUNNumber=Sing62 sidenmod
66,,PUNCT_69 dykepunct
67aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art69 dykedet
68volcanicvolcanicADJDegree=Pos69 dykeamod
69dykedykeNOUNNumber=Sing62 sideconj
70thatthatSCONJ_73 peoplemark
71thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art73 peopledet
72ancientancientADJDegree=Pos73 peopleamod
73peoplepeopleNOUNNumber=Plur69 dykeappos
74----PUNCT_78 perceptionpunct
75withwithADP_78 perceptioncase
76surelysurelyADV_78 perceptionadvmod
77somesomeDETPronType=Ind78 perceptiondet
78perceptionperceptionNOUNNumber=Sing73 peoplenmod
79ofofADP_81 truthcase
80geologicalgeologicalADJDegree=Pos81 truthamod
81truthtruthNOUNNumber=Sing78 perceptionnmod
82----PUNCT_83 connectedpunct
83connectedconnectVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass73 peopleacl
84ininADP_86 legendscase
85theirtheirPRONCase=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs86 legendsnmod:poss
86legendslegendNOUNNumber=Plur83 connectedobl
87withwithADP_90 firescase
88thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art90 firesdet
89internalinternalADJDegree=Pos90 firesamod
90firesfireNOUNNumber=Plur86 legendsnmod
91ofofADP_94 Islandcase
92thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art94 Islanddet
93NorthNorthPROPNNumber=Sing94 Islandcompound
94IslandIslandPROPNNumber=Sing90 firesnmod
95..PUNCT_2 ispunct

Pragmatics

#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1bepresenta interesting specimen of vulcanism in New Zealand for exampletherethe strange wall of grey white lava rock parataxis; hardly propertyvn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2callpresentEuropeansgrey white lava rockthe Giant Causeway and the Maoris xcompvn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent which=Recipient
3protrudepresentthe strange wall of grey white lava rockthe hilltopabove Rapakivn spatial_configuration-47.6 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme above rapaki=Location
4seemay · passivethe far side of the harbour and a volcanic dykeagainwhich nsubj:passvn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Stimulus
5connectparticiplethe ancient people with some perception of geological truth not said hereEuropeans's legends with the internal fires of the North Islandvn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient
6perceivegeological truthnom perception «cognition transitive»: of=patient
7firethe North Islandnom fire «event transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Project Gutenberg book 73766 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73766/9/11/