Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, The Story of the Rocks., sentence 17
It does not require a great effort of imagination to reconstruct that fire-cup as it must have appeared in the era when the fantastic hills were still in the making and shaping.
Who acts: group, fantastic hills · What happens: not require, reconstruct, appear, be · To what, where: great effort, fire cup, it, era, making
This is a sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, The Story of the Rocks.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (group, fantastic hills), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 require | nsubj |
| 2 | does | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 require | aux |
| 3 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 4 require | advmod |
| 4 | require | require | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 effort | det |
| 6 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 effort | amod |
| 7 | effort | effort | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 require | obj |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 imagination | case |
| 9 | imagination | imagination | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 effort | nmod |
| 10 | to | to | PART | _ | 11 reconstruct | mark |
| 11 | reconstruct | reconstruct | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 effort | acl |
| 12 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 15 cup | det |
| 13 | fire | fire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 cup | compound |
| 14 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 13 fire | punct |
| 15 | cup | cup | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 reconstruct | obj |
| 16 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 20 appeared | mark |
| 17 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 appeared | nsubj:pass |
| 18 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 20 appeared | aux |
| 19 | have | have | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 20 appeared | aux |
| 20 | appeared | appear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 require | advcl |
| 21 | in | in | ADP | _ | 23 era | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 era | det |
| 23 | era | era | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 appeared | obl |
| 24 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 32 making | advmod |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 hills | det |
| 26 | fantastic | fantastic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 hills | amod |
| 27 | hills | hill | NOUN | Number=Plur | 32 making | nsubj |
| 28 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 32 making | cop |
| 29 | still | still | ADV | _ | 32 making | advmod |
| 30 | in | in | ADP | _ | 32 making | case |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 making | det |
| 32 | making | making | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 appeared | obl |
| 33 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 shaping | cc |
| 34 | shaping | shaping | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 making | conj |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 require | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not require | present · do-support | group | a great effort of imagination | vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme effort=Precondition | ||||
| 2 | reconstruct | to-infinitive | group not said here | that fire cup | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | appear | must · perfect · passive | it | the era | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 4 | is | past | the fantastic hills | the making and shaping | still | shaping conj | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Project Gutenberg book 73766 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73766/9/17/