Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, The Story of the Rocks., sentence 20

Like the crater-topped cones of the Tamaki Isthmus, it is softly grassed; a stray _ngaio_ is the one remnant of the bush that once covered the volcanic detritus; but the hugely ramparted and square-hewn rim of the basin stands indomitable and unchangeable, unmistakable memorial of the active volcanic age.

Who acts: stray _ ngaio · What happens: top, grass, be, cover, rampart, stand · To what, where: Isthmus, one remnant, bush

This is a sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, The Story of the Rocks.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (stray _ ngaio), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Like	like	ADP	_	6 cones	case
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 cones	det
3	crater	crater	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 topped	compound
4	-	-	PUNCT	_	3 crater	punct
5	topped	top	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 cones	amod
6	cones	cone	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 grassed	obl
7	of	of	ADP	_	10 Isthmus	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 Isthmus	det
9	Tamaki	Tamaki	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 Isthmus	compound
10	Isthmus	Isthmus	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 cones	nmod
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 cones	punct
12	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 grassed	nsubj:pass
13	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 grassed	aux:pass
14	softly	softly	ADV	_	15 grassed	advmod
15	grassed	grass	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
16	;	;	PUNCT	_	25 remnant	punct
17	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	20 ngaio	det
18	stray	stray	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 ngaio	amod
19	_	_	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 ngaio	compound
20	ngaio	ngaio	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 remnant	nsubj
21	_	_	PUNCT	_	20 ngaio	punct
22	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	25 remnant	cop
23	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	25 remnant	det
24	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	25 remnant	nummod
25	remnant	remnant	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 grassed	obl
26	of	of	ADP	_	28 bush	case
27	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	28 bush	det
28	bush	bush	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 remnant	nmod
29	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	31 covered	obj
30	once	once	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	31 covered	advmod
31	covered	cover	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	28 bush	acl:relcl
32	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	34 detritus	det
33	volcanic	volcanic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	34 detritus	amod
34	detritus	detritus	NOUN	Number=Sing	31 covered	obj
35	;	;	PUNCT	_	39 ramparted	punct
36	but	but	CCONJ	_	39 ramparted	cc
37	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	39 ramparted	det
38	hugely	hugely	ADV	_	39 ramparted	advmod
39	ramparted	rampart	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	48 stands	nsubj
40	and	and	CCONJ	_	44 rim	cc
41	square	square	ADJ	Degree=Pos	44 rim	amod
42	-	-	PUNCT	_	41 square	punct
43	hewn	hewn	ADJ	Degree=Pos	44 rim	amod
44	rim	rim	NOUN	Number=Sing	39 ramparted	conj
45	of	of	ADP	_	47 basin	case
46	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	47 basin	det
47	basin	basin	NOUN	Number=Sing	44 rim	nmod
48	stands	stand	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 grassed	parataxis
49	indomitable	indomitable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	48 stands	xcomp
50	and	and	CCONJ	_	51 unchangeable	cc
51	unchangeable	unchangeable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	49 indomitable	conj
52	,	,	PUNCT	_	54 memorial	punct
53	unmistakable	unmistakable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	54 memorial	amod
54	memorial	memorial	NOUN	Number=Sing	49 indomitable	obl
55	of	of	ADP	_	59 age	case
56	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	59 age	det
57	active	active	ADJ	Degree=Pos	59 age	amod
58	volcanic	volcanic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	59 age	amod
59	age	age	NOUN	Number=Sing	54 memorial	nmod
60	.	.	PUNCT	_	15 grassed	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	top	participle			crater compound	vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme
2	grass	present · passive		Isthmus	like the topped cones of the Tamaki Isthmus; softly property	vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: subject=Destination
3	is a	present	a stray _ ngaio	the one remnant	of the bush	tree rules
4	cover	past		the bush	the volcanic detritus obj; once property	tree rules
5	rampart	participle			square hewn rim of the basin conj; hugely property	tree rules
6	stand	present			indomitable property	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Project Gutenberg book 73766 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73766/9/20/

🌲 Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, The Story of the Rocks., sentence 20

The tree

Pragmatics

Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, The Story of the Rocks., sentence 20