Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, The Story of the Rocks., sentence 3
The fragments of the native bush which survive in the valleys will be of surpassing botanical interest in another generation or two, but the vegetation of the hills inevitably will suffer many changes, and an exotic growth will for the most part replace the ancient trees.
Who acts: native bush, fragments, vegetation, exotic growth · What happens: survive, be, suffer, replace · To what, where: valleys, many changes, ancient trees
This is a sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, The Story of the Rocks.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (native bush, fragments, vegetation, exotic growth), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 fragments | det |
| 2 | fragments | fragment | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 surpassing | nsubj |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 bush | case |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 bush | det |
| 5 | native | native | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 bush | amod |
| 6 | bush | bush | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 fragments | nmod |
| 7 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 8 survive | nsubj |
| 8 | survive | survive | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 bush | acl:relcl |
| 9 | in | in | ADP | _ | 11 valleys | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 valleys | det |
| 11 | valleys | valley | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 survive | obl |
| 12 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 15 surpassing | aux |
| 13 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 15 surpassing | cop |
| 14 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 15 surpassing | mark |
| 15 | surpassing | surpass | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 16 | botanical | botanical | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 interest | amod |
| 17 | interest | interest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 surpassing | obj |
| 18 | in | in | ADP | _ | 20 generation | case |
| 19 | another | another | DET | PronType=Ind | 20 generation | det |
| 20 | generation | generation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 interest | nmod |
| 21 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 22 two | cc |
| 22 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 20 generation | conj |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 vegetation | punct |
| 24 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 26 vegetation | cc |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 vegetation | det |
| 26 | vegetation | vegetation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 suffer | nsubj |
| 27 | of | of | ADP | _ | 29 hills | case |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 hills | det |
| 29 | hills | hill | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 vegetation | nmod |
| 30 | inevitably | inevitably | ADV | _ | 32 suffer | advmod |
| 31 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 32 suffer | aux |
| 32 | suffer | suffer | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 15 surpassing | conj |
| 33 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 changes | amod |
| 34 | changes | change | NOUN | Number=Plur | 32 suffer | obj |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 45 replace | punct |
| 36 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 45 replace | cc |
| 37 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 39 growth | det |
| 38 | exotic | exotic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 39 growth | amod |
| 39 | growth | growth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 replace | nsubj |
| 40 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 45 replace | aux |
| 41 | for | for | ADP | _ | 44 part | case |
| 42 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 44 part | det |
| 43 | most | most | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 44 part | amod |
| 44 | part | part | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 replace | obl |
| 45 | replace | replace | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 15 surpassing | conj |
| 46 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 48 trees | det |
| 47 | ancient | ancient | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 48 trees | amod |
| 48 | trees | tree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 45 replace | obj |
| 49 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 15 surpassing | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | survive | present | the native bush | the valleys | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in valley=Location | ||||
| 2 | is | future | the fragments of the native bush | botanical interest obj; surpass property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | suffer | future | the vegetation of the hills | many changes | inevitably property | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer change=Stimulus | |||
| 4 | replace | future | a exotic growth | the ancient trees | for the most part | vn substitute-13.6.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme tree=Co-Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Project Gutenberg book 73766 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73766/9/3/