Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand, The Story of the Rocks., sentence 9
The passage of untold ages has so little altered these fire-made ranges that build a picture-like ring about Lyttelton Harbour that their origin and history are plainly revealed to the climber and the Summit Road stroller; the story of the rocks can scarcely be mistaken.
Who acts: passage, little altered made ranges, untold ages · What happens: have, alter, make, build, reveal, mistake · To what, where: little altered made ranges, like ring, origin, climber, story
This is a sentence of «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, The Story of the Rocks.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (passage, little altered made ranges, untold ages), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 passage | det |
| 2 | passage | passage | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 has | nsubj |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 ages | case |
| 4 | untold | untold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 ages | amod |
| 5 | ages | age | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 passage | nmod |
| 6 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | so | so | ADV | _ | 8 little | advmod |
| 8 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 ranges | amod |
| 9 | altered | alter | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 14 ranges | amod |
| 10 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 14 ranges | det |
| 11 | fire | fire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 made | compound |
| 12 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 11 fire | punct |
| 13 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 14 ranges | amod |
| 14 | ranges | range | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 has | obj |
| 15 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 16 build | nsubj |
| 16 | build | build | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 ranges | acl:relcl |
| 17 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 ring | det |
| 18 | picture | picture | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 like | compound |
| 19 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 18 picture | punct |
| 20 | like | like | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 ring | amod |
| 21 | ring | ring | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 build | obj |
| 22 | about | about | ADP | _ | 24 Harbour | case |
| 23 | Lyttelton | Lyttelton | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 Harbour | compound |
| 24 | Harbour | harbour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 ring | nmod |
| 25 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 32 revealed | mark |
| 26 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 27 origin | nmod:poss |
| 27 | origin | origin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 revealed | nsubj |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 history | cc |
| 29 | history | history | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 origin | conj |
| 30 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 32 revealed | aux:pass |
| 31 | plainly | plainly | ADV | _ | 32 revealed | advmod |
| 32 | revealed | reveal | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 16 build | advcl |
| 33 | to | to | ADP | _ | 35 climber | case |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 climber | det |
| 35 | climber | climber | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 revealed | obl |
| 36 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 40 stroller | cc |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 stroller | det |
| 38 | Summit | Summit | PROPN | Number=Sing | 39 Road | compound |
| 39 | Road | Road | PROPN | Number=Sing | 40 stroller | compound |
| 40 | stroller | stroller | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 climber | conj |
| 41 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 50 mistaken | punct |
| 42 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 43 story | det |
| 43 | story | story | NOUN | Number=Sing | 50 mistaken | nsubj:pass |
| 44 | of | of | ADP | _ | 46 rocks | case |
| 45 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 46 rocks | det |
| 46 | rocks | rock | NOUN | Number=Plur | 43 story | nmod |
| 47 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 50 mistaken | aux |
| 48 | scarcely | scarcely | ADV | _ | 50 mistaken | advmod |
| 49 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 50 mistaken | aux:pass |
| 50 | mistaken | mistake | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 has | conj |
| 51 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 has | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | present | the passage of untold ages | this little altered made ranges | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent range=Patient | ||||
| 2 | alter | participle | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | ||||||
| 3 | make | participle | fire compound | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset | |||||
| 4 | build | present | this little altered made ranges | a like ring | about Lyttelton Harbour | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset ring=Product | |||
| 5 | reveal | present · passive | ages's origin and history | the climber and the Road stroller | plainly property | vn confess-37.10 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: subject=Topic to climber=Recipient | |||
| 6 | mistake | can · passive | the story of the rocks | scarcely property | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | pass | untold ages | nom passage «act intransitive»: of=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Maori folk-tales of the Port Hills, Canterbury, New Zealand» by James Cowan, Project Gutenberg book 73766 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73766/9/9/