The grateful elephant, Opening, part 1, sentence 244
Thus began the Higher Career or Vehicle of Mahāyāna or Catholic Buddhism, as distinguished from the Lower Career or Vehicle of the more primitive Hīnayāna Buddhism of the Pāli texts.
What happens: begin, distinguish · To what, where: Higher Career
This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Thus | thus | ADV | _ | 2 began | advmod |
| 2 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 Career | det |
| 4 | Higher | High | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 Career | compound |
| 5 | Career | Career | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 began | obj |
| 6 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 7 Vehicle | cc |
| 7 | Vehicle | Vehicle | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 Career | conj |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 Mahāyāna | case |
| 9 | Mahāyāna | Mahāyāna | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 Vehicle | nmod |
| 10 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 12 Buddhism | cc |
| 11 | Catholic | Catholic | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 Buddhism | compound |
| 12 | Buddhism | Buddhism | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 Career | conj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 distinguished | punct |
| 14 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 15 distinguished | mark |
| 15 | distinguished | distinguish | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 began | conj |
| 16 | from | from | ADP | _ | 19 Career | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 Career | det |
| 18 | Lower | low | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 19 Career | amod |
| 19 | Career | career | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 distinguished | obl |
| 20 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 21 Vehicle | cc |
| 21 | Vehicle | Vehicle | PROPN | Number=Sing | 19 Career | conj |
| 22 | of | of | ADP | _ | 27 Buddhism | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 Buddhism | det |
| 24 | more | more | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 25 primitive | advmod |
| 25 | primitive | primitive | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 Buddhism | amod |
| 26 | Hīnayāna | Hīnayāna | PROPN | Number=Sing | 27 Buddhism | compound |
| 27 | Buddhism | Buddhism | PROPN | Number=Sing | 19 Career | nmod |
| 28 | of | of | ADP | _ | 31 texts | case |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 texts | det |
| 30 | Pāli | Pāli | PROPN | Number=Sing | 31 texts | compound |
| 31 | texts | text | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 Buddhism | nmod |
| 32 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 began | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | begin | past | the Higher Career or Vehicle of Mahāyāna or Catholic Buddhism | thus property | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent career=Eventuality | ||||
| 2 | distinguish | participle | from the Lower Career of the primitive Hīnayāna Buddhism of the Pāli texts or Vehicle | vn distinguish-23.5-1 «NP V NP.theme PP.co-theme»: agent=Agent from career=Co-Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/1/244/