The grateful elephant, Opening, part 12, sentence 45
“Thus,” said he, “cultivate friendship for all living beings without respect of persons.”
Who acts: friendship ’ · What happens: say, cultivate, live, respect · To what, where: friendship, persons · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 12. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (friendship ’), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 said | punct |
| 2 | Thus | thus | ADV | _ | 5 said | advmod |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Thus | punct |
| 4 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Thus | punct |
| 5 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 cultivate | nsubj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 cultivate | punct |
| 8 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 9 cultivate | punct |
| 9 | cultivate | cultivate | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 said | ccomp |
| 10 | friendship | friendship | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 cultivate | obj |
| 11 | for | for | ADP | _ | 14 beings | case |
| 12 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 14 beings | det |
| 13 | living | live | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 14 beings | amod |
| 14 | beings | being | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 cultivate | obl |
| 15 | without | without | ADP | _ | 16 respect | case |
| 16 | respect | respect | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 cultivate | obl |
| 17 | of | of | ADP | _ | 18 persons | case |
| 18 | persons | person | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 respect | nmod |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 said | punct |
| 20 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | thus property | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | cultivate in a quote | infinitive | friendship ’ = ' | friendship | for all living beings; without respect of persons | vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent friendship=Product for being=Beneficiary | |||
| 3 | live in a quote | gerund | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 4 | respect in a quote | persons | nom respect «cognition transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/12/45/