The grateful elephant, Opening, part 12, sentence 51
Having so said, in order to point out that living beings are finite, he continued: “Finite are creeping things,--snakes, scorpions, centipedes, spiders, lizards, rats and mice!”
Who acts: Buddha, living beings, Finite · What happens: have, say, point out, be, continue, creep · To what, where: things · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 12. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Buddha, living beings, Finite), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Having | have | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 17 continued | advcl |
| 2 | so | so | ADV | _ | 3 said | advmod |
| 3 | said | say | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 1 Having | advcl |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 point | punct |
| 5 | in | in | SCONJ | ExtPos=SCONJ | 8 point | mark |
| 6 | order | order | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 in | fixed |
| 7 | to | to | PART | _ | 8 point | mark |
| 8 | point | point | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 said | conj |
| 9 | out | out | ADP | _ | 8 point | compound:prt |
| 10 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 14 finite | mark |
| 11 | living | living | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 beings | amod |
| 12 | beings | being | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 finite | nsubj |
| 13 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 finite | cop |
| 14 | finite | finite | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 point | advcl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Having | punct |
| 16 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 continued | nsubj |
| 17 | continued | continue | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 18 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 22 creeping | punct |
| 19 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 22 creeping | punct |
| 20 | Finite | finite | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 creeping | nsubj |
| 21 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 creeping | aux |
| 22 | creeping | creep | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 17 continued | ccomp |
| 23 | things | thing | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 creeping | obj |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 snakes | punct |
| 25 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 26 snakes | punct |
| 26 | snakes | snake | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 creeping | obj |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 scorpions | punct |
| 28 | scorpions | scorpion | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 snakes | conj |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 centipedes | punct |
| 30 | centipedes | centipede | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 snakes | conj |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 spiders | punct |
| 32 | spiders | spider | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 snakes | conj |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 lizards | punct |
| 34 | lizards | lizard | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 snakes | conj |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 rats | punct |
| 36 | rats | rat | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 snakes | conj |
| 37 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 38 mice | cc |
| 38 | mice | mouse | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 snakes | conj |
| 39 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 26 snakes | punct |
| 40 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 22 creeping | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | gerund | Buddha not said here | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | participle | Buddha not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | point out | to-infinitive | Buddha not said here | vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | is | present | living beings | finite property | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | continue | past | Buddha | vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 6 | creep in a quote | present · progressive | Finite | things | snakes and scorpions and centipedes and spiders and lizards and rats and mice obj | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/12/51/