The grateful elephant, Opening, part 13, sentence 61
Now a mosquito settled on his head,--his head looked like the surface of a copper bowl!--and pierced his head with his stinger, just as though he were sticking him with a spear.
Who acts: head, mosquito · What happens: settle, look, pierce, stick · To what, where: mosquito, head
This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 13. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (head, mosquito), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 12 looked | advmod |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 mosquito | det |
| 3 | mosquito | mosquito | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Now | nsubj |
| 4 | settled | settle | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 mosquito | acl |
| 5 | on | on | ADP | _ | 7 head | case |
| 6 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 head | nmod:poss |
| 7 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 settled | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Now | punct |
| 9 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 12 looked | punct |
| 10 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 11 head | nmod:poss |
| 11 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 looked | nsubj |
| 12 | looked | look | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 13 | like | like | ADP | _ | 15 surface | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 surface | det |
| 15 | surface | surface | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 looked | obl |
| 16 | of | of | ADP | _ | 19 bowl | case |
| 17 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 19 bowl | det |
| 18 | copper | copper | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 bowl | compound |
| 19 | bowl | bowl | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 surface | nmod |
| 20 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 19 bowl | punct |
| 21 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 23 pierced | punct |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 pierced | cc |
| 23 | pierced | pierce | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 looked | conj |
| 24 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 25 head | nmod:poss |
| 25 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 pierced | obj |
| 26 | with | with | ADP | _ | 28 stinger | case |
| 27 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 28 stinger | nmod:poss |
| 28 | stinger | stinger | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 pierced | obl |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 sticking | punct |
| 30 | just | just | ADV | _ | 31 as | advmod |
| 31 | as | as | ADV | _ | 35 sticking | advmod |
| 32 | though | though | SCONJ | _ | 35 sticking | mark |
| 33 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 35 sticking | nsubj |
| 34 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 35 sticking | aux |
| 35 | sticking | stick | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 23 pierced | advcl |
| 36 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 35 sticking | obj |
| 37 | with | with | ADP | _ | 39 spear | case |
| 38 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 39 spear | det |
| 39 | spear | spear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 sticking | obl |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 12 looked | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | settle | participle | a mosquito not said here | on mosquito's head | vn correspond-36.1 «NP V PP.theme S»: agent=Agent on head=Topic | ||||
| 2 | look | past | mosquito's head | now | like the surface of a copper bowl | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | |||
| 3 | pierce | past | mosquito's head not said here | mosquito's head | with mosquito's stinger | vn poke-19-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent head=Patient with stinger=Instrument | |||
| 4 | stick | past · progressive | mosquito | head | with a spear | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.destination PP.theme»: agent=Agent he=Destination with spear=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/13/61/