The grateful elephant, Opening, part 15, sentence 120
He had both men and oxen given their supper betimes, and the oxen lie down in the centre of the circle formed by the men.
Who acts: particle, men, oxen · What happens: have, give, lie down, form · To what, where: men, supper, centre, circle
This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 15. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (particle, men, oxen), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 had | nsubj |
| 2 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | both | both | DET | PronType=Tot | 4 men | det |
| 4 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 had | obj |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 oxen | cc |
| 6 | oxen | ox | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 men | conj |
| 7 | given | give | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 men | acl |
| 8 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 9 supper | nmod:poss |
| 9 | supper | supper | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 given | obj |
| 10 | betimes | betimes | ADV | _ | 7 given | advmod |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 lie | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 lie | cc |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 oxen | det |
| 14 | oxen | ox | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 lie | nsubj |
| 15 | lie | lie | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 had | conj |
| 16 | down | down | ADV | _ | 15 lie | advmod |
| 17 | in | in | ADP | _ | 19 centre | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 centre | det |
| 19 | centre | centre | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 lie | obl |
| 20 | of | of | ADP | _ | 22 circle | case |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 circle | det |
| 22 | circle | circle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 centre | nmod |
| 23 | formed | form | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 22 circle | acl |
| 24 | by | by | ADP | _ | 26 men | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 men | det |
| 26 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 formed | obl |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 had | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | past | particle | both men and oxen | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent man=Patient | ||||
| 2 | give | participle | both men and oxen not said here | men's supper | betimes property | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent supper=Theme | |||
| 3 | lie down | present | the oxen | the centre of the circle | down property | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in centre=Location | |||
| 4 | form | participle | the circle not said here | by the men | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by man=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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