The grateful elephant, Opening, part 15, sentence 119
He had the carts unharnessed and a stockade built by drawing them into a contracted circle.
Who acts: particle, carts · What happens: have, unharness, build, draw, contract · To what, where: stockade, carts, contracted circle
This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 15. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (particle, carts), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 had | nsubj |
| 2 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 carts | det |
| 4 | carts | cart | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 unharnessed | nsubj |
| 5 | unharnessed | unharness | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 had | ccomp |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 stockade | cc |
| 7 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 stockade | det |
| 8 | stockade | stockade | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 unharnessed | obj |
| 9 | built | build | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 stockade | acl |
| 10 | by | by | SCONJ | _ | 11 drawing | mark |
| 11 | drawing | draw | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 9 built | advcl |
| 12 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 drawing | obj |
| 13 | into | into | ADP | _ | 16 circle | case |
| 14 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 circle | det |
| 15 | contracted | contract | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 16 circle | amod |
| 16 | circle | circle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 drawing | obl |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 had | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | past | particle | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | unharness | past | the carts | a stockade | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | build | participle | a stockade not said here | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | |||||
| 4 | draw | gerund | carts = cart | into a contracted circle result | vn lure-59.3 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent they=Patient into circle=Result | ||||
| 5 | contract | participle | vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/15/119/