The grateful elephant, Opening, part 15, sentence 75

In the wilderness there are poison-trees: any leaf or flower or fruit which you have not previously eaten, you must not eat without first obtaining my permission.”

Who acts: poison trees, leaf, you, my · What happens: be, not eat, obtain, permit · To what, where: wilderness, permission

This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 15. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (poison trees, leaf, you, my), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 wilderness	case
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 wilderness	det
3	wilderness	wilderness	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 are	obl
4	there	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	5 are	expl
5	are	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	poison	poison	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 trees	compound
7	-	-	PUNCT	_	6 poison	punct
8	trees	tree	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 are	nsubj
9	:	:	PUNCT	_	11 leaf	punct
10	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	11 leaf	det
11	leaf	leaf	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 trees	conj
12	or	or	CCONJ	_	13 flower	cc
13	flower	flower	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 leaf	conj
14	or	or	CCONJ	_	15 fruit	cc
15	fruit	fruit	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 leaf	conj
16	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	21 eaten	nsubj
17	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	21 eaten	nsubj
18	have	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	21 eaten	aux
19	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	21 eaten	advmod
20	previously	previously	ADV	_	21 eaten	advmod
21	eaten	eat	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	11 leaf	acl:relcl
22	,	,	PUNCT	_	26 eat	punct
23	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	26 eat	nsubj
24	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	26 eat	aux
25	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	26 eat	advmod
26	eat	eat	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 are	parataxis
27	without	without	SCONJ	_	29 obtaining	mark
28	first	first	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	29 obtaining	advmod
29	obtaining	obtain	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	26 eat	advcl
30	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	31 permission	nmod:poss
31	permission	permission	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 obtaining	obj
32	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 are	punct
33	”	"	PUNCT	_	5 are	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	does	present	poison trees and any leaf or flower or fruit		the wilderness; there		vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in wilderness=Location
2	not eat	present · perfect	any leaf or flower or fruit			you nsubj; previously property	vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	not eat	must	you				vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	obtain	gerund	you not said here	my permission		first property	vn obtain-13.5.2-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset permission=Theme
5	permit		my				nom permission «communication transitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/15/75/

🌲 The grateful elephant, Opening, part 15, sentence 75

The tree

Pragmatics

The grateful elephant, Opening, part 15, sentence 75