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The grateful elephant, Opening, part 2, sentence 3

It may interest the reader to know that these texts, originating in North India in the lifetime of Gotama, were handed down by oral tradition for many generations, were reduced to canonical form within a century or two of the death of Gotama, were carried to Ceylon in the third century B.C., were written down for the first time in the first century B.C., and were copied and recopied on palm-leaves by successive generations of scribes until comparatively recent times.

Who acts: date, texts, oral tradition, successive generations, Gotama · What happens: interest, know, originate, hand down, reduce, carry · To what, where: North India, interest, canonical form, Ceylon, palm leaves · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (date, texts, oral tradition, successive generations), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

nsubjauxnsubj:passdetnsubjmarkaclmarkdetnsubjpunctccompcasecompoundoblcasedetoblcasenmodpunctaux:passcompound:prtcaseamodoblcaseamodoblpunctaux:passconjcaseamodoblcasedetoblccconjcasedetnmodcasenmodpunctaux:passparataxiscaseoblcasedetamodoblappospunctpunctaux:passconjcompound:prtcasedetamodoblcasedetamodoblappospunctpunctccaux:passconjccconjcasecompoundpunctoblcaseamodoblcasenmodcaseadvmodamodoblpunctrootItPRONmayAUXinterestNOUNtheDETreaderNOUNtoPARTknowVERBthatSCONJtheseDETtextsNOUN,PUNCToriginatingVERBinADPNorthPROPNIndiaPROPNinADPtheDETlifetimeNOUNofADPGotamaPROPN,PUNCTwereAUXhandedVERBdownADPbyADPoralADJtraditionNOUNforADPmanyADJgenerationsNOUN,PUNCTwereAUXreducedVERBtoADPcanonicalADJformNOUNwithinADPaDETcenturyNOUNorCCONJtwoNUMofADPtheDETdeathNOUNofADPGotamaPROPN,PUNCTwereAUXcarriedVERBtoADPCeylonPROPNinADPtheDETthirdADJcenturyNOUNB.CPROPN.PUNCT,PUNCTwereAUXwrittenVERBdownADPforADPtheDETfirstADJtimeNOUNinADPtheDETfirstADJcenturyNOUNB.CPROPN.PUNCT,PUNCTandCCONJwereAUXcopiedVERBandCCONJrecopiedVERBonADPpalmNOUN-PUNCTleavesNOUNbyADPsuccessiveADJgenerationsNOUNofADPscribesNOUNuntilADPcomparativelyADVrecentADJtimesNOUN.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1ItitPRONCase=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs3 interestnsubj
2maymayAUXVerbForm=Fin3 interestaux
3interestinterestNOUNNumber=Sing23 handednsubj:pass
4thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art5 readerdet
5readerreaderNOUNNumber=Sing3 interestnsubj
6totoPART_7 knowmark
7knowknowVERBVerbForm=Inf5 readeracl
8thatthatSCONJ_12 originatingmark
9thesethisDETNumber=Plur PronType=Dem10 textsdet
10textstextNOUNNumber=Plur12 originatingnsubj
11,,PUNCT_12 originatingpunct
12originatingoriginateVERBVerbForm=Ger7 knowccomp
13ininADP_15 Indiacase
14NorthNorthPROPNNumber=Sing15 Indiacompound
15IndiaIndiaPROPNNumber=Sing12 originatingobl
16ininADP_18 lifetimecase
17thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art18 lifetimedet
18lifetimelifetimeNOUNNumber=Sing12 originatingobl
19ofofADP_20 Gotamacase
20GotamaGotamaPROPNNumber=Sing18 lifetimenmod
21,,PUNCT_3 interestpunct
22werebeAUXMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin23 handedaux:pass
23handedhandVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Passrootroot
24downdownADP_23 handedcompound:prt
25bybyADP_27 traditioncase
26oraloralADJDegree=Pos27 traditionamod
27traditiontraditionNOUNNumber=Sing23 handedobl
28forforADP_30 generationscase
29manymanyADJDegree=Pos30 generationsamod
30generationsgenerationNOUNNumber=Plur23 handedobl
31,,PUNCT_33 reducedpunct
32werebeAUXMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin33 reducedaux:pass
33reducedreduceVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass23 handedconj
34totoADP_36 formcase
35canonicalcanonicalADJDegree=Pos36 formamod
36formformNOUNNumber=Sing33 reducedobl
37withinwithinADP_39 centurycase
38aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art39 centurydet
39centurycenturyNOUNNumber=Sing33 reducedobl
40ororCCONJ_41 twocc
41twotwoNUMNumForm=Word NumType=Card39 centuryconj
42ofofADP_44 deathcase
43thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art44 deathdet
44deathdeathNOUNNumber=Sing41 twonmod
45ofofADP_46 Gotamacase
46GotamaGotamaPROPNNumber=Sing44 deathnmod
47,,PUNCT_49 carriedpunct
48werebeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin49 carriedaux:pass
49carriedcarryVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass23 handedparataxis
50totoADP_51 Ceyloncase
51CeylonCeylonPROPNNumber=Sing49 carriedobl
52ininADP_55 centurycase
53thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art55 centurydet
54thirdthirdADJDegree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord55 centuryamod
55centurycenturyNOUNNumber=Sing49 carriedobl
56B.CB.CPROPNNumber=Sing55 centuryappos
57..PUNCT_49 carriedpunct
58,,PUNCT_60 writtenpunct
59werebeAUXMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin60 writtenaux:pass
60writtenwriteVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass23 handedconj
61downdownADP_60 writtencompound:prt
62forforADP_65 timecase
63thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art65 timedet
64firstfirstADJDegree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord65 timeamod
65timetimeNOUNNumber=Sing60 writtenobl
66ininADP_69 centurycase
67thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art69 centurydet
68firstfirstADJDegree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord69 centuryamod
69centurycenturyNOUNNumber=Sing60 writtenobl
70B.CB.CPROPNNumber=Sing69 centuryappos
71..PUNCT_23 handedpunct
72,,PUNCT_75 copiedpunct
73andandCCONJ_75 copiedcc
74werebeAUXMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin75 copiedaux:pass
75copiedcopyVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass23 handedconj
76andandCCONJ_77 recopiedcc
77recopiedrecopyVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass75 copiedconj
78ononADP_81 leavescase
79palmpalmNOUNNumber=Sing81 leavescompound
80--PUNCT_79 palmpunct
81leavesleafNOUNNumber=Plur77 recopiedobl
82bybyADP_84 generationscase
83successivesuccessiveADJDegree=Pos84 generationsamod
84generationsgenerationNOUNNumber=Plur75 copiedobl
85ofofADP_86 scribescase
86scribesscribeNOUNNumber=Plur84 generationsnmod
87untiluntilADP_90 timescase
88comparativelycomparativelyADV_89 recentadvmod
89recentrecentADJDegree=Pos90 timesamod
90timestimeNOUNNumber=Plur75 copiedobl
91..PUNCT_23 handedpunct

Pragmatics

#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1interestmaydatethe reader nsubjtree rules
2knowto-infinitivedate not said herevn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus
3originategerundthis textsNorth Indiain the lifetime of Gotamavn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
4hand downpast · passiveoral traditioninterestfor many generationsvn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme
5reducepast · passiveoral tradition not said herecenturyto canonical form goalvn limit-76 «NP V NP S_ING»: to form=Goal
6carrypast · passiveCeyloncenturyvn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: to ceylon=Destination
7write downpast · passiveoral tradition not said herecentury; timevn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»
8copypast · passivesuccessive generations of scribestimevn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
9recopyparticiplesuccessive generations of scribes not said herepalm leavestree rules
10dieGotamanom death «event intransitive»: of=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/2/3/