The grateful elephant, Opening, part 6, sentence 27
Then Brahmadatta king of Kāsi ordered his men: “Now then, take Dīghīti king of Kosala with his consort, bind their arms tight behind their backs with a stout rope, shave their heads, and to the loud beating of a drum lead them about from street to street, from crossing to crossing, conduct them out of the South gate, hack their bodies into four pieces south of the city, and throw the pieces in the four directions.”
Who acts: Brahmadatta king · What happens: order, take, bind, shave, lead, cross · To what, where: men, Dīghīti king, arms, backs, heads, street · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 6. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Brahmadatta king), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 6 ordered | advmod |
| 2 | Brahmadatta | Brahmadatta | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 king | compound |
| 3 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 ordered | nsubj |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 Kāsi | case |
| 5 | Kāsi | Kāsi | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 king | nmod |
| 6 | ordered | order | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 8 men | nmod:poss |
| 8 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 ordered | obj |
| 9 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 14 take | punct |
| 10 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 14 take | punct |
| 11 | Now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 12 then | advmod |
| 12 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 14 take | advmod |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 then | punct |
| 14 | take | take | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 6 ordered | parataxis |
| 15 | Dīghīti | Dīghīti | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 king | compound |
| 16 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 take | obj |
| 17 | of | of | ADP | _ | 18 Kosala | case |
| 18 | Kosala | Kosala | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 king | nmod |
| 19 | with | with | ADP | _ | 21 consort | case |
| 20 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 21 consort | nmod:poss |
| 21 | consort | consort | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 take | obl |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 bind | punct |
| 23 | bind | bind | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 14 take | conj |
| 24 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 25 arms | nmod:poss |
| 25 | arms | arm | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 bind | obj |
| 26 | tight | tight | ADV | _ | 23 bind | advmod |
| 27 | behind | behind | ADP | _ | 29 backs | case |
| 28 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 29 backs | nmod:poss |
| 29 | backs | back | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 bind | obl |
| 30 | with | with | ADP | _ | 33 rope | case |
| 31 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 33 rope | det |
| 32 | stout | stout | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 rope | compound |
| 33 | rope | rope | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 backs | nmod |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 shave | punct |
| 35 | shave | shave | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 take | conj |
| 36 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 37 heads | nmod:poss |
| 37 | heads | head | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 shave | obj |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 47 lead | punct |
| 39 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 47 lead | cc |
| 40 | to | to | ADP | _ | 43 beating | case |
| 41 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 43 beating | det |
| 42 | loud | loud | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 43 beating | amod |
| 43 | beating | beating | NOUN | Number=Sing | 47 lead | obl |
| 44 | of | of | ADP | _ | 46 drum | case |
| 45 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 46 drum | det |
| 46 | drum | drum | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 beating | nmod |
| 47 | lead | lead | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 14 take | parataxis |
| 48 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 47 lead | obj |
| 49 | about | about | ADV | _ | 47 lead | advmod |
| 50 | from | from | ADP | _ | 51 street | case |
| 51 | street | street | NOUN | Number=Sing | 47 lead | obl |
| 52 | to | to | ADP | _ | 53 street | case |
| 53 | street | street | NOUN | Number=Sing | 51 street | nmod |
| 54 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 56 crossing | punct |
| 55 | from | from | SCONJ | _ | 56 crossing | mark |
| 56 | crossing | cross | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 47 lead | advcl |
| 57 | to | to | ADP | _ | 58 crossing | case |
| 58 | crossing | crossing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 56 crossing | obl |
| 59 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 60 conduct | punct |
| 60 | conduct | conduct | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 14 take | conj |
| 61 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 60 conduct | obj |
| 62 | out | out | ADP | _ | 66 gate | case |
| 63 | of | of | ADP | _ | 66 gate | case |
| 64 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 66 gate | det |
| 65 | South | South | PROPN | Number=Sing | 66 gate | compound |
| 66 | gate | gate | NOUN | Number=Sing | 60 conduct | obl |
| 67 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 68 hack | punct |
| 68 | hack | hack | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 14 take | conj |
| 69 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 70 bodies | nmod:poss |
| 70 | bodies | body | NOUN | Number=Plur | 68 hack | obj |
| 71 | into | into | ADP | _ | 73 pieces | case |
| 72 | four | four | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 73 pieces | nummod |
| 73 | pieces | piece | NOUN | Number=Plur | 68 hack | obl |
| 74 | south | south | ADV | _ | 77 city | advmod |
| 75 | of | of | ADP | _ | 77 city | case |
| 76 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 77 city | det |
| 77 | city | city | NOUN | Number=Sing | 68 hack | obl |
| 78 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 80 throw | punct |
| 79 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 80 throw | cc |
| 80 | throw | throw | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 14 take | conj |
| 81 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 82 pieces | det |
| 82 | pieces | piece | NOUN | Number=Plur | 80 throw | obj |
| 83 | in | in | ADP | _ | 86 directions | case |
| 84 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 86 directions | det |
| 85 | four | four | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 86 directions | nummod |
| 86 | directions | direction | NOUN | Number=Plur | 80 throw | obl |
| 87 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 14 take | punct |
| 88 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 14 take | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | order | past | Brahmadatta king of Kāsi | king's men | then | vn order-58.3-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent man=Recipient clause=Topic | |||
| 2 | take in a quote | infinitive | Dīghīti king of Kosala | then; now | with king's consort | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument king=Destination | |||
| 3 | bind in a quote | infinitive | men's arms | men's backs with a stout rope | tight property | vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent arm=Patient | |||
| 4 | shave in a quote | present | men's heads | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent head=Patient | |||||
| 5 | lead in a quote | infinitive | men = man | street to street | to the loud beating of a drum; about property | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent they=Theme to beating=Destination | |||
| 6 | cross in a quote | gerund | crossing | vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to crossing=Initial_Location | |||||
| 7 | conduct in a quote | infinitive | men = man | the South gate | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent they=Theme out gate=Destination | ||||
| 8 | hack in a quote | infinitive | men's bodies | four pieces | of the city | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP.material PP.product»: agent=Agent body=Material into piece=Product | |||
| 9 | throw in a quote | infinitive | the pieces | the four directions | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent piece=Theme in direction=Destination | ||||
| 10 | beat in a quote | a drum | nom beating «act transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/6/27/